Shih Andre
Department of Large Animal Clinical Science, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 Southwest 16th Avenue, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract. 2013 Apr;29(1):155-67. doi: 10.1016/j.cveq.2012.11.002. Epub 2013 Jan 17.
Cardiac output (CO) is the volume of blood pumped out by the heart in 1 minute. Monitoring of CO can guide therapy and improve clinical outcome in critically ill patients and during anesthesia. Although there is increasing research into clinically useful methods of monitoring CO in equine patients, there are limitations to the available methods. There are 4 basic methods of measuring CO: (1) indicator methods, (2) a derivation of the Fick principle, (3) arterial pulse wave analysis, and (4) imaging diagnostic techniques. This article discusses the importance of CO, available technology, and challenges of monitoring CO in equine medicine.
心输出量（CO）是指心脏每分钟泵出的血液量。监测心输出量可指导治疗，并改善重症患者和麻醉期间的临床结局。尽管对马属动物患者监测心输出量的临床实用方法的研究日益增多，但现有方法存在局限性。测量心输出量有4种基本方法：（1）指示剂法，（2）Fick原理的衍生方法，（3）动脉脉搏波分析，以及（4）成像诊断技术。本文讨论了心输出量的重要性、现有技术以及马医学中心输出量监测面临的挑战。
