CART Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Organic and Biological Analytical Chemistry, Chemistry Department, University of Liège, Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liège, Belgium.
Sci Total Environ. 2013 May 1;452-453:155-62. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.057. Epub 2013 Mar 15.
We report on the pilot study carried out before the start of the Elfe project (French longitudinal study from childhood). A total of 44 samples of mature human milk were collected at home 8 weeks after delivery. A total of 7 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), 10 polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), 12 dioxin-like (DL) polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and 6 non dioxin-like (NDL)-PCBs were measured. For total TEQ (PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs), the geometric mean concentration was 17.81 pg TEQ(WHO05)/g lipids. Relative PCDD, PCDF, and DL-PCB contributions to the arithmetic mean TEQ(WHO05) were 38%, 18%, and 44%, respectively. The use of TEF(WHO05) instead of TEF(WHO98) resulted in a 27% reduction of the total TEQ value. Although PCDD levels did not significantly change (less than 0.5% increase), PCDF and DL-PCB levels both decreased by 35% and 38%, respectively. Levels have been compared to data obtained during a previous non-reported national study conducted in 1998 (TEF(WHO98)) in French lactaria (n=244). The mean of PCDD/Fs has decreased about 39.4% (18.8 pg TEQ(WHO98)/g lipids in 1998 vs 11.4 pg TEQ(WHO98)/g lipids in pilot study), respectively 41.5% for PCDDs (10.6 pg TEQ(WHO98)/g lipids in 1998 vs 6.2 pg TEQ(WHO98)/g lipids in pilot study) and 36.7% for PCDFs (7.9 pg TEQ(WHO98)/g lipids in 1998 vs 5.0 pg TEQ(WHO98)/g lipids in pilot study). For the sum of the 6 NDL-PCBs, the 2007 geometric mean concentration in milk was 176.3 ng/g lipids. The arithmetic mean lipid concentration in 2007 breast milk was 26.4 g/l (range from 6.0 to 46.7 g/l). A PCDD/F and DL-PCB daily intake was estimated to be 62.3 pg TEQ(WHO05)/kg body weight per day (85.0 pg TEQ(WHO98)/kg body weight per day) for a baby of 5 kg of body weight fed daily with 700 ml of maternal milk containing 25 g/l of lipids.
我们报告了 Elfe 项目（法国儿童纵向研究）开始前进行的试点研究。在分娩后 8 周，在家中收集了 44 份成熟母乳样本。共测量了 7 种多氯二苯并对二恶英（PCDDs）、10 种多氯二苯并呋喃（PCDFs）、12 种二恶英类（DL）多氯联苯（PCBs）和 6 种非二恶英类（NDL）-多氯联苯（PCBs）。对于总 TEQ（PCDD/Fs 和 DL-PCBs），几何平均值浓度为 17.81 pg TEQ（WHO05）/g 脂质。相对 PCDD、PCDF 和 DL-PCB 对算术平均值 TEQ（WHO05）的贡献分别为 38%、18%和 44%。使用 TEF（WHO05）代替 TEF（WHO98）会使总 TEQ 值降低 27%。尽管 PCDD 水平没有明显变化（增加不到 0.5%），但 PCDF 和 DL-PCB 水平分别下降了 35%和 38%。水平与之前在法国 lactaria（n=244）进行的非报告国家研究（1998 年采用 TEF（WHO98））中获得的数据进行了比较。PCDD/Fs 的平均值下降了约 39.4%（1998 年为 18.8 pg TEQ（WHO98）/g 脂质，试点研究中为 11.4 pg TEQ（WHO98）/g 脂质），PCDDs 分别下降了 41.5%（1998 年为 10.6 pg TEQ（WHO98）/g 脂质，试点研究中为 6.2 pg TEQ（WHO98）/g 脂质），PCDFs 下降了 36.7%（1998 年为 7.9 pg TEQ（WHO98）/g 脂质，试点研究中为 5.0 pg TEQ（WHO98）/g 脂质）。对于 6 种 NDL-PCBs 的总和，2007 年母乳中的几何平均值浓度为 176.3ng/g 脂质。2007 年母乳中的平均脂质浓度为 26.4g/l（范围为 6.0 至 46.7 g/l）。对于体重为 5 公斤的婴儿，每天摄入 700 毫升母乳，其中含有 25g/l 的脂质，每天摄入的 PCDD/F 和 DL-PCB 的估计值为 62.3pg TEQ（WHO05）/kg 体重/天（85.0pg TEQ（WHO98）/kg 体重/天）。
