护理与患者护理质量的关联：为期 2 年的比较。
Linkages between nursing and the quality of patient care: a 2-year comparison.
机构信息
NewCourtland Center for Transitions and Health, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
出版信息
Med Care. 2013 Apr;51(4 Suppl 2):S6-14. doi: 10.1097/MLR.0b013e3182894848.
BACKGROUND
In 2005, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation established the Interdisciplinary Nursing Quality Research Initiative (INQRI) program to produce rigorous evidence regarding linkages between nursing and quality of health care. The purpose of this paper is to describe scientific advances in understanding relationships between nursing, care processes, and the outcomes of the people supported by this discipline in 2004 (year before INQRI's launch) and in 2009 (5 years after INQRI was established).
METHODS
Comprehensive literature reviews for the years 2004 and 2009 were conducted using a conceptually based search strategy and multidisciplinary engines. The designs, methods, results, and conclusions of included papers were summarized, synthesized, and analyzed.
RESULTS
The literature search identified 389 studies (161 in 2004; 228 in 2009), which examined the relationship between nursing and patient care quality. The number of published papers in all categories of study designs-nonexperimental (72 in 2004; 97 in 2009), quasi-experimental (55 in 2004; 80 in 2009) and experimental (34 in 2004; 51 in 2009)-increased between the years 2004 and 2009. This line of inquiry also has expanded its reach through publications in a greater diversity of journals and journals with higher impact ratings.
DISCUSSION
The body of evidence regarding linkages between nursing and quality of care has increased in the nature and depth of science between 2004 and 2009, as seen in higher rates and quality of publications, enhanced methodological rigor, and evidence of stronger interdisciplinary collaboration. Although the unique contribution of INQRI to this expanded body of knowledge is unclear, the evidence supports the increased importance of INQRI's goal of measuring and enhancing nursing's contributions to the quality of patient care.
背景
2005 年，罗伯特·伍德·约翰逊基金会设立了跨学科护理质量研究倡议（INQRI）项目，旨在提供关于护理与医疗质量之间联系的严格证据。本文旨在描述 2004 年（INQRI 启动前一年）和 2009 年（INQRI 成立五年后）理解护理、护理过程与该学科所支持人群的结果之间关系的科学进展。
方法
使用基于概念的搜索策略和多学科引擎对 2004 年和 2009 年进行了全面文献回顾。总结、综合和分析了纳入文献的设计、方法、结果和结论。
结果
文献检索确定了 389 项研究（2004 年 161 项；2009 年 228 项），这些研究考察了护理与患者护理质量之间的关系。在 2004 年和 2009 年，所有研究设计类别的已发表论文数量（非实验性论文 72 篇；准实验性论文 55 篇；实验性论文 34 篇）都有所增加。这种研究也通过在更多种类的期刊和具有更高影响因子的期刊上发表论文而扩大了研究范围。
讨论
2004 年至 2009 年，护理与护理质量之间联系的证据在科学的性质和深度上都有所增加，这体现在更高的发表率和更高的质量、增强的方法严谨性以及更强的跨学科合作的证据上。尽管 INQRI 对这一扩展知识库的独特贡献尚不清楚，但证据支持了 INQRI 衡量和增强护理对患者护理质量的贡献的目标的重要性日益增加。
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