Preethi V, Mandal Jharna, Halder Ajay, Parija Subhash Chandra
Department of Microbiology, JIPMER, Puducherry, India.
Trop Parasitol. 2011 Jul;1(2):73-5. doi: 10.4103/2229-5070.86934.
Trichomoniasis is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) with a prevalence of 5-75%. In India, trichomoniasis accounts for 2-7% of all STIs. Infection with Trichomonas vaginalis is known to cause vaginitis. Significant association has also been noted between trichomoniasis and cervical cancer, atypical pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, low birth weight, and respiratory-tract infection in neonates. Of interest are the recent documentations of association of this parasite with human immunodeficiency virus. Use of fluorescent dyes such as acridine orange has increased the sensitivity of the direct microscopy. Culture has been found to be more sensitive than the direct microscopy but has its own limitations. Antigen detection systems have hastened the proce ss of diagnosis tremendously. Molecular methods have been found to be very sensitive and specific. Once the presence of T. vaginalis has been documented, other STIs should also be actively looked for in that particular individual. Therapy should involve both the partners for proper control and eradication of the disease.
滴虫病是最常见的性传播感染之一，患病率为5%至75%。在印度，滴虫病占所有性传播感染的2%至7%。已知阴道毛滴虫感染会导致阴道炎。滴虫病与宫颈癌、非典型盆腔炎、不孕症、低出生体重以及新生儿呼吸道感染之间也存在显著关联。值得关注的是，最近有文献记载了这种寄生虫与人类免疫缺陷病毒的关联。使用吖啶橙等荧光染料提高了直接显微镜检查的灵敏度。已发现培养法比直接显微镜检查更敏感，但也有其自身的局限性。抗原检测系统极大地加快了诊断过程。分子方法已被证明非常敏感且特异。一旦记录到阴道毛滴虫的存在，还应积极在该个体中寻找其他性传播感染。治疗应涉及双方伴侣，以妥善控制和根除该疾病。
