Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2013 Sep;21(9):E512-9. doi: 10.1002/oby.20457. Epub 2013 Jun 22.
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD)-1 deficient mice are resistant to obesity and plasma SCD indices are related to obesity in humans. Both n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) regulate expression of the SCD enzymes. Whether higher plasma PUFA were associated with lower SCD indices in humans was examined.
Population-based study of 2,021 elderly subjects from the Hordaland Health Study. Using multivariate linear regression, the cross-sectional associations among plasma PUFA, estimated SCD indices (from fatty acid profiles in plasma total lipids), and fat mass measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were explored. Two plasma SCD indices were used: SCD-16 (16:1n-7/16:0) and SCD-18 (18:1n-9/18:0).
Plasma total, n-6 and n-3 PUFA were inversely associated with both SCD indices (P < 0.001 for all). Among the individual PUFA, 18:2n-6 showed the strongest association with SCD-16 (partial r = -0.59, P < 0.001) followed by 20:5n-3 (partial r = -0.13; P < 0.001). Plasma total, n-6 and n-3 PUFA were inversely associated with body fat (P < 0.001 for all); the associations were markedly attenuated following adjustment for SCD-16.
The epidemiological data are in line with animal studies and suggest that PUFA may decrease SCD1 activity in humans, with possible reduction in body fat.
硬脂酰辅酶 A 去饱和酶（SCD）-1 缺乏的小鼠对肥胖具有抵抗力，并且人类血浆 SCD 指数与肥胖有关。n-3 和 n-6 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）均可调节 SCD 酶的表达。本研究旨在探讨人类中较高的血浆 PUFA 是否与较低的 SCD 指数相关。
对来自 Hordaland 健康研究的 2021 名老年人进行基于人群的研究。采用多元线性回归分析，研究了血浆 PUFA、估计的 SCD 指数（来自血浆总脂质中的脂肪酸谱）与双能 X 射线吸收仪测量的体脂之间的横断面相关性。使用了两种血浆 SCD 指数：SCD-16（16:1n-7/16:0）和 SCD-18（18:1n-9/18:0）。
血浆总、n-6 和 n-3 PUFA 与两种 SCD 指数均呈负相关（所有 P<0.001）。在个体 PUFA 中，18:2n-6 与 SCD-16 的相关性最强（偏相关系数为-0.59，P<0.001），其次是 20:5n-3（偏相关系数为-0.13，P<0.001）。血浆总、n-6 和 n-3 PUFA 与体脂呈负相关（所有 P<0.001）；调整 SCD-16 后，相关性明显减弱。
这些流行病学数据与动物研究一致，表明 PUFA 可能会降低人类 SCD1 的活性，从而可能减少体脂。
