Heilinger Jan-Christoph, Crone Katja
Centre for Ethics (UFSP Ethics and Institute for Biomedical Ethics), University of Zurich, Pestalozzistr. 24, 8031, Zurich, Switzerland,
Med Health Care Philos. 2014 Feb;17(1):13-21. doi: 10.1007/s11019-013-9479-z.
Ideas about freedom and related concepts like autonomy and self-determination play a prominent role in the moral debate about human enhancement interventions. However, there is not a single understanding of freedom available, and arguments referring to freedom are simultaneously used to argue both for and against enhancement interventions. This gives rise to misunderstandings and polemical arguments. The paper attempts to disentangle the different distinguishable concepts, classifies them and shows how they relate to one another in order to allow for a more structured and clearer debate. It concludes in identifying the individual underpinnings and the social conditions of choice and decision-making as particularly salient dimensions of freedom in the ethical debate about human enhancement.
关于自由以及诸如自主性和自决权等相关概念，在关于人类增强干预措施的道德辩论中扮演着重要角色。然而，对于自由并没有单一的理解，而且提及自由的论据同时被用于支持和反对增强干预措施。这就引发了误解和争论性的观点。本文试图厘清不同的可区分概念，对它们进行分类，并展示它们之间的相互关系，以便进行更有条理、更清晰的辩论。它得出的结论是，在关于人类增强的伦理辩论中，确定选择和决策的个体基础及社会条件是自由的特别显著的维度。
