National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai 200025, PR China.
Parasit Vectors. 2013 Mar 22;6:79. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-6-79.
Co-infection of tuberculosis and parasitic diseases in humans is an important public problem in co-endemic areas in developing countries. However, there is a paucity of studies on co-infection and even fewer reviews. This review examines 44 appropriate papers by PRISMA from 289 papers searched in PubMed via the NCBI Entrez system (no grey literature) up to December 2012 in order to analyze the factors that influence epidemic and host's immunity of co-infection. The limited evidence in this review indicates that most common parasite species are concurrent with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in multiple organs; socio-demographics such as gender and age, special populations with susceptibility such as renal transplant recipients, patients on maintenance haemodialysis, HIV positive patients and migrants, and living in or coming from co-endemic areas are all likely to have an impact on co-infection. Pulmonary tuberculosis and parasitic diseases were shown to be risk factors for each other. Co-infection may significantly inhibit the host's immune system, increase antibacterial therapy intolerance and be detrimental to the prognosis of the disease; in addition, infection with parasitic diseases can alter the protective immune response to Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccination against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
人结核分枝杆菌与寄生虫共同感染是发展中国家疾病流行区的一个重要公共卫生问题。然而，关于共同感染的研究却很少，甚至没有综述。本综述通过 NCBI Entrez 系统在 PubMed 上检索了 289 篇文献，按照 PRISMA 原则选择了 44 篇合适的文献，对影响共同感染流行和宿主免疫的因素进行了分析。本综述中的有限证据表明，大多数常见寄生虫物种与结核分枝杆菌同时存在于多个器官中；性别和年龄等社会人口统计学因素、肾移植受者、维持性血液透析患者、HIV 阳性患者和移民等易感特殊人群、以及居住在或来自疾病流行区，都可能对共同感染产生影响。肺结核和寄生虫病被证明是相互的危险因素。共同感染可能显著抑制宿主的免疫系统，增加对抗生素治疗的耐受性，并对疾病的预后产生不利影响；此外，寄生虫感染可改变对卡介苗预防结核分枝杆菌感染的保护性免疫反应。
