Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies (EA 4559), Jules Verne University of Picardie, France.
Neuropsychology. 2013 Mar;27(2):182-92. doi: 10.1037/a0031522.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with behavioral disorders that can affect social functioning but are poorly understood. Since emotional and cognitive social processes are known to be crucial in social relationships, impairment of these processes may account for the emergence of behavioral disorders.
We used a systematic battery of tests to assess emotional processes and social cognition in PD patients and relate our findings to conventional neuropsychological data (especially behavioral disorders). Twenty-three PD patients and 46 controls (matched for age and educational level) were included in the study and underwent neuropsychological testing, including an assessment of the behavioral and cognitive components of executive function. Emotional and cognitive social processes were assessed with the Interpersonal Reactivity Index caregiver-administered questionnaire (as a measure of empathy), a facial emotion recognition task and two theory of mind (ToM) tasks.
When compared with controls, PD patients showed low levels of empathy (p = .006), impaired facial emotion recognition (which persisted after correction for perceptual abilities) (p = .001), poor performance in a second-order ToM task (p = .008) that assessed both cognitive (p = .004) and affective (p = .03) inferences and, lastly, frequent dysexecutive behavioral disorders (in over 40% of the patients). Overall, impaired emotional and cognitive social functioning was observed in 17% of patients and was related to certain cognitive dysexecutive disorders. In terms of behavioral dysexecutive disorders, social behavior disorders were related to impaired emotional and cognitive social functioning (p = .04) but were independent of cognitive impairments.
Emotional and cognitive social processes were found to be impaired in Parkinson's disease. This impairment may account for the emergence of social behavioral disorders.
帕金森病（PD）与行为障碍有关，这些行为障碍可能影响社交功能，但目前了解甚少。由于情绪和认知社交过程已知对社交关系至关重要，因此这些过程的障碍可能是行为障碍出现的原因。
我们使用系统的测试组合来评估 PD 患者的情绪过程和社会认知，并将我们的发现与常规神经心理学数据（尤其是行为障碍）相关联。我们纳入了 23 名 PD 患者和 46 名对照组（年龄和教育程度相匹配），并对他们进行了神经心理学测试，包括对执行功能的行为和认知成分的评估。情绪和认知社交过程通过人际关系反应指数（用于评估同理心）、面部情绪识别任务和两个心理理论（ToM）任务进行评估。
与对照组相比，PD 患者表现出较低的同理心水平（p=0.006）、受损的面部情绪识别能力（校正感知能力后仍然存在）（p=0.001）、在第二个阶心理理论任务中表现不佳（评估认知（p=0.004）和情感（p=0.03）推理），最后，经常出现执行功能障碍行为（超过 40%的患者）。总的来说，17%的患者表现出情绪和认知社交功能受损，与某些认知执行功能障碍有关。就行为执行功能障碍而言，社交行为障碍与情绪和认知社交功能受损有关（p=0.04），但与认知障碍无关。
在帕金森病中发现情绪和认知社交过程受损。这种损伤可能是社交行为障碍出现的原因。
