The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Br J Nutr. 2013 Oct;110(8):1454-64. doi: 10.1017/S0007114513000676. Epub 2013 Mar 26.
Suboptimal maternal dietary intake during pregnancy might lead to fetal cardiovascular adaptations and higher blood pressure in the offspring. The aim of the present study was to investigate the associations of maternal first-trimester dietary intake with blood pressure in children at the age of 6 years. We assessed first-trimester maternal daily dietary intake by a FFQ and measured folate, homocysteine and vitamin B₁₂ concentrations in the blood, in a population-based prospective cohort study among 2863 mothers and children. Childhood systolic and diastolic blood pressure was measured using a validated automatic sphygmomanometer. First-trimester maternal daily intake of energy, fat, protein and carbohydrate was not associated with childhood blood pressure. Furthermore, maternal intake of micronutrients was not associated with childhood blood pressure. Also, higher maternal vitamin B₁₂ concentrations were associated with a higher diastolic blood pressure (0·31 mmHg per standard deviation increase in vitamin B₁₂ (95% CI 0·06, 0·56)). After taking into account multiple testing, none of the associations was statistically significant. Maternal first-trimester folate and homocysteine concentrations were not associated with childhood blood pressure. The results from the present study suggest that maternal Fe intake and vitamin B₁₂ concentrations during the first trimester of pregnancy might affect childhood blood pressure, although the effect estimates were small and were not significant after correction for multiple testing. Further studies are needed to replicate these findings, to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and to assess whether these differences in blood pressure persist in later life.
母亲在妊娠期间的饮食摄入不足可能会导致胎儿心血管系统适应和后代血压升高。本研究旨在调查母亲在妊娠早期的饮食摄入与 6 岁儿童血压之间的关联。我们通过问卷调查评估了母亲在妊娠早期的日常饮食摄入量，并在一个基于人群的前瞻性队列研究中测量了 2863 名母亲及其子女的血液中叶酸、同型半胱氨酸和维生素 B₁₂的浓度。采用经过验证的自动血压计测量儿童的收缩压和舒张压。妊娠早期母亲的能量、脂肪、蛋白质和碳水化合物的每日摄入量与儿童的血压无关。此外，母亲摄入的微量营养素与儿童的血压也没有关系。较高的母体维生素 B₁₂浓度与舒张压升高有关（维生素 B₁₂每增加一个标准差，舒张压升高 0·31mmHg（95%CI 0·06, 0·56））。在考虑了多次检验后，没有任何关联具有统计学意义。母亲在妊娠早期的叶酸和同型半胱氨酸浓度与儿童的血压无关。本研究结果表明，母亲在妊娠早期的铁摄入和维生素 B₁₂浓度可能会影响儿童的血压，尽管这些效应估计值较小，且在经过多次检验校正后并不显著。需要进一步的研究来复制这些发现，阐明潜在的机制，并评估这些血压差异是否在以后的生活中持续存在。
