Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013 Jun;88(6):1028-31. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.12-0571. Epub 2013 Mar 25.
Recent studies using an internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of Schistosoma DNA in urine samples has shown high sensitivity and specificity when performed on controls and known microscopy-positive samples. In this study, using 730 urine samples collected from children in five primary schools from different communities in the Greater Accra region of Ghana, specific detection of Schistosoma DNA showed excellent sensitivity of 100% and 85.2% in urines with > 50 eggs/10 mL urine and ≤ 50 eggs/10 mL of urine, respectively. Additionally, Schistosoma-specific DNA was amplified in 102 of 673 samples in which Schistosoma eggs could not be detected with microscopy. Taking microscopy and/or PCR-positive samples as true positives, the negative predictive value calculated was 94.6-100% for each school sampled as compared with 54.3-95.7% using microscopy. This ITS-based real-time PCR proves to be a powerful tool in epidemiological surveys of schistosomiasis providing more precise and sensitive results than microscopy.
最近的研究使用基于内部转录间隔区（ITS）的实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测尿液样本中的血吸虫 DNA，在对对照和已知显微镜阳性样本进行检测时显示出高灵敏度和特异性。在这项研究中，使用从加纳大阿克拉地区五个不同社区的 730 名儿童采集的尿液样本，特异性检测血吸虫 DNA 在尿液中 > 50 个卵/10 毫升尿液和 ≤ 50 个卵/10 毫升尿液时的灵敏度分别为 100%和 85.2%。此外，在显微镜无法检测到血吸虫卵的 673 个样本中，有 102 个样本扩增出了血吸虫特异性 DNA。以显微镜和/或 PCR 阳性样本作为真阳性，与显微镜相比，每个采样学校的阴性预测值计算为 94.6-100%，为 54.3-95.7%。这种基于 ITS 的实时 PCR 证明是血吸虫病流行病学调查的有力工具，提供比显微镜更精确和敏感的结果。
