Cormier Y, Tremblay G, Meriaux A, Brochu G, Lavoie J
Centre de pneumologie, Hôpital Laval, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada.
Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1990 Jun;51(6):304-9. doi: 10.1080/15298669091369709.
Airborne microorganisms were isolated with a sampler in two types of swine confinement buildings (farrowing units and fattening units). Respirable (particles less than 5 microns) and total dust fractions were obtained. Samplings were repeated every 2 weeks for a total of 6 samplings per unit between January and April. The predominant microorganisms isolated were bacteria (up to 1.25 x 10(6) CFU/m3) with an important fraction in the respirable size range (up to 0.5 x 10(6) CFU/m3). Only small quantities of gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, and molds were found. Identification of the colonies isolated revealed a great diversity of microorganisms present in the air of the different buildings. Enterobacter agglomerans, Moraxella, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, and Pseudomonas were the most frequently identified bacteria. Scopulariopsis, Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Candida were the most numerous fungi. Faenia rectivirgula, the causative agent of farmer's lung, was not a major contaminant. The results show some differences in airborne microbial contamination between farrowing and fattening units; the distinction, however, is not clear-cut and was observed only for the total bacteria. The level of airborne microbial contamination in swine units does not significantly vary as a function of the outside temperature. Some species of bacteria and fungi isolated in this study are known to induce extrinsic allergic alveolitis. Other fungi are known to be potentially pathogenic for man. The air of swine confinement buildings is highly contaminated with bacteria, yeasts, and molds at a level up to 1200 time higher than so-called "normal air."
使用采样器在两种类型的猪舍（产仔单元和育肥单元）中分离空气传播微生物。获取了可吸入（小于5微米的颗粒）和总粉尘部分。在1月至4月期间，每个单元每2周重复采样一次，每个单元总共采样6次。分离出的主要微生物是细菌（高达1.25×10⁶CFU/m³），其中可吸入粒径范围内的比例较高（高达0.5×10⁶CFU/m³）。仅发现少量革兰氏阴性菌、酵母和霉菌。对分离出的菌落进行鉴定发现，不同猪舍空气中存在的微生物种类繁多。成团肠杆菌、莫拉菌、醋酸钙不动杆菌和假单胞菌是最常鉴定出的细菌。帚霉、曲霉、青霉和念珠菌是数量最多的真菌。农民肺的病原体直形嗜热放线菌不是主要污染物。结果表明，产仔单元和育肥单元在空气传播微生物污染方面存在一些差异；然而，这种差异并不明显，仅在总细菌方面观察到。猪舍中空气传播微生物污染水平不会随外界温度显著变化。本研究中分离出的一些细菌和真菌种类已知会诱发外源性过敏性肺泡炎。其他真菌已知对人类有潜在致病性。猪舍中的空气被细菌、酵母和霉菌高度污染，污染水平比所谓的“正常空气”高出多达1200倍。
