Allard Catherine, Doyon Myriam, Brown Christine, Carpentier Andre C, Langlois Marie-France, Hivert Marie-France
a Centre de recherche clinique Etienne-Le Bel, Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2013 Mar;38(3):280-5. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2012-0225. Epub 2012 Nov 12.
Complete leptin deficiency is associated with weight gain and extreme obesity, according to studies of animals and of monogenic obesity in humans. It is still a matter of debate whether relative leptin deficiency plays a physiologic role in adiposity regulation in free-living humans. We hypothesized that leptin levels would be associated with subsequent weight changes in healthy normal-weight young adults. Our prospective cohort involved 150 healthy young adults (114 women and 36 men) followed over their years of study at the Université de Sherbrooke. Anthropometric measurements, fasting blood samples, 3-day food diaries, and a physical activity questionnaire were collected at baseline. Leptin levels were measured with radioimmunoassay. Associations between baseline leptin levels and subsequent anthropometric changes were assessed with multivariable linear regression models to account for adiposity at baseline, food intake, and energy expenditure. Over the 2-year follow-up, changes in body mass index (BMI) ranged from -0.8 to +2.6 kg·m(-2) in men (mean BMI change, +0.6 kg·m(-2)) and from -2.5 to +3.7 kg·m(-2) in women (mean BMI change, +0.1 kg·m(-2)). Lower leptin levels at baseline were associated with a higher risk of weight gain in women (r = -0.24; p = 0.01 for change in BMI) and in men (r = -0.27, p = 0.11), even after accounting for baseline BMI, total daily caloric intake, and energy expenditure (p = 0.02). In the subsample measured at 4 years (n = 63), baseline leptin levels were not associated with 4-year weight changes. Lower leptin levels are associated with a higher risk of weight gain over 2 years in healthy young adults.
根据对动物和人类单基因肥胖的研究，完全缺乏瘦素与体重增加和极度肥胖有关。相对瘦素缺乏在自由生活的人类肥胖调节中是否发挥生理作用仍是一个有争议的问题。我们假设瘦素水平与健康正常体重的年轻成年人随后的体重变化有关。我们的前瞻性队列研究涉及150名健康的年轻成年人（114名女性和36名男性），他们在舍布鲁克大学接受了多年的跟踪研究。在基线时收集了人体测量数据、空腹血样、3天食物日记和一份身体活动问卷。用放射免疫分析法测量瘦素水平。使用多变量线性回归模型评估基线瘦素水平与随后人体测量变化之间的关联，以考虑基线时的肥胖、食物摄入量和能量消耗。在2年的随访中，男性的体重指数（BMI）变化范围为-0.8至+2.6 kg·m(-2)（平均BMI变化为+0.6 kg·m(-2)），女性为-2.5至+3.7 kg·m(-2)（平均BMI变化为+0.1 kg·m(-2)）。即使在考虑了基线BMI、每日总热量摄入和能量消耗后，基线瘦素水平较低与女性（r = -0.24；BMI变化的p = 0.01）和男性（r = -0.27，p = 0.11）体重增加的风险较高相关（p = 0.02）。在4年时测量的子样本（n = 63）中，基线瘦素水平与4年体重变化无关。较低的瘦素水平与健康年轻成年人在2年内体重增加的风险较高相关。
