Griffet V, Finet G, Di Filippo S, Lantelme P, Caignault J-R, Guérard S
Service de cardiologie, hôpital d'instruction des armées Desgenettes, 108, boulevard Pinel, 69275 Lyon cedex 03, France.
Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris). 2013 Apr;62(2):116-21. doi: 10.1016/j.ancard.2013.02.003. Epub 2013 Mar 13.
Since 2009 in France, every people practicing sport in competition must have a cardiovascular exam with electrocardiogram, to prevent sudden cardiac death. Sometimes, an echocardiography will be necessary. Little is known about athlete's heart in the young, particularly in the French people.
One hundred and seven French elite adolescent athletes had an electrocardiogram with echocardiography to establish reference values in this population.
QTcorrected (QTc) interval calculated by the Hodges formula, is always in the normal values. Interventricular septal thickness is always ≤ 11 mm and left ventricular end diastolic diameter ≤ 55 mm in about 90 % of the athletes. Females have QTc interval longer than males and interventricular septal thickness finer. Diastolic function (18.9 ± 2.6 cm/s for e', E/e' ratio at 5.3 ± 0.8) is "supernormal" and correlate with age and cardiac frequency. Right ventricular systolic function is always good.
Adolescent athlete's heart is normal. If QTc interval is not normal, be afraid of a QT long syndrome. Furthermore, when interventricular septal thickness is > 11 mm or left ventricular end diastolic diameter > 55 mm, myocardiopathy will have to be ruled out.
自2009年起在法国，每位参加竞技运动的人都必须进行包括心电图的心血管检查，以预防心源性猝死。有时，还需要进行超声心动图检查。对于年轻人尤其是法国人群体中的运动员心脏，人们了解甚少。
107名法国青少年精英运动员接受了心电图及超声心动图检查，以确定该人群的参考值。
通过霍奇斯公式计算的校正QT（QTc）间期始终在正常范围内。约90%的运动员室间隔厚度始终≤11毫米，左心室舒张末期直径≤55毫米。女性的QTc间期比男性长，室间隔厚度更薄。舒张功能（e'为18.9±2.6厘米/秒，E/e'比值为5.3±0.8）“超常”，且与年龄和心率相关。右心室收缩功能始终良好。
青少年运动员心脏正常。如果QTc间期不正常，要警惕长QT综合征。此外，当室间隔厚度>11毫米或左心室舒张末期直径>55毫米时，必须排除心肌病。
