Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine and ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2013 Apr;137(4):558-65. doi: 10.5858/arpa.2012-0198-RA.
Accuracy is an important feature of any diagnostic test. There has been an increasing awareness of deficiencies in study design that can create bias in estimates of test accuracy. Many pathologists are unaware of these sources of bias.
To explain the causes and increase awareness of several common types of bias that result from deficiencies in the design of diagnostic accuracy studies.
We cite examples from the literature and provide calculations to illustrate the impact of study design features on estimates of diagnostic accuracy. In a companion article by Schmidt et al in this issue, we use these principles to evaluate diagnostic studies associated with a specific diagnostic test for risk of bias and reporting quality.
There are several sources of bias that are unique to diagnostic accuracy studies. Because pathologists are both consumers and producers of such studies, it is important that they be aware of the risk of bias.
准确性是任何诊断测试的重要特征。人们越来越意识到研究设计中的缺陷会导致对测试准确性的估计产生偏差。许多病理学家没有意识到这些偏差的来源。
解释由于诊断准确性研究设计中的缺陷而导致的几种常见类型的偏倚的原因，并提高认识。
我们从文献中引用了例子，并进行了计算，以说明研究设计特征对诊断准确性估计的影响。在本期的 Schmidt 等人的另一篇文章中，我们使用这些原则来评估与特定诊断测试相关的诊断研究，以评估其偏倚和报告质量。
诊断准确性研究有几个独特的偏倚来源。由于病理学家既是这些研究的使用者，也是其生产者，因此他们必须意识到存在偏倚的风险。
