Adelman M R, Tsai L J, Tangchitnob E P, Kahn B S
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Scripps Clinic Medical Group, San Diego, CA 92108, USA.
J Obstet Gynaecol. 2013 Apr;33(3):225-31. doi: 10.3109/01443615.2012.747495.
The term 'laser' is an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Lasers are commonly described by the emitted wavelength, which determines the colour of the light, as well as the active lasing medium. Currently, over 40 types of lasers have been developed with a wide range of both industrial and medical uses. Gas and solid-state lasers are frequently used in surgical applications, with CO2 and Ar being the most common examples of gas lasers, and the Nd:YAG and KTP:YAG being the most common examples of solid-state lasers. At present, it appears that the CO2, Nd:YAG, and KTP lasers provide alternative methods for achieving similar results, as opposed to superior results, when compared with traditional endoscopic techniques, such as cold-cutting monopolar and bipolar energy. This review focuses on the physics, tissue interaction, safety and applications of commonly used lasers in gynaecological surgery.
“激光”一词是“受激辐射光放大”的首字母缩写。激光通常根据发射波长来描述，发射波长决定了光的颜色，同时也取决于激活激光介质。目前，已开发出40多种类型的激光，具有广泛的工业和医疗用途。气体激光器和固体激光器常用于外科手术，二氧化碳激光器和氩激光器是气体激光器最常见的例子，钕钇铝石榴石激光器和磷酸钛氧钾钇铝石榴石激光器是固体激光器最常见的例子。目前，与传统的内镜技术（如冷切割单极和双极能量）相比，二氧化碳、钕钇铝石榴石和磷酸钛氧钾激光器似乎提供了实现类似结果而非更优结果的替代方法。本综述重点关注妇科手术中常用激光的物理特性、组织相互作用、安全性及应用。
