Mazaheri Maryam Amidi, Hidarnia Alireza, Ghofranipour Fazlollah
Department of Health Services, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2012;1:21. doi: 10.4103/2277-9531.99951. Epub 2012 Aug 22.
Effective safety education can prevent many occupational accidents. To -educate the public about safety effectively, determinants of safe behavior must be addressed. Personality constructs are among the most important determinants of safe behavior. One of the personality constructs that has been studied recently in relation to accidents is locus of control. The main aim of this study was designing, validating, and determining the reliability of safety locus of control scale.
This study was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. The "forward-backward" procedure was applied to translate safety locus of control scale (Jones and Becker 1985) from English to Persian. To determine the scientific validity of the scale, face validity and content validity by expert judgments were used. Internal consistency was determined using Cronbach's α-coefficient. Questionnaires were distributed to a group of 400 workers from different parts of Isfahan Steel Company. Finally, 317 workers completed the questionnaires. Exploratory factor analysis was performed with software SPSS13, and confirmatory factor analysis was performed with software LISREL8.8.
The exploratory factor analysis results revealed that the three components of the items can be extracted from the scale including internal control (4 questions), environmental and equipment control (4 questions), and chance and fate (4 questions). Confirmatory factor analysis using maximum likelihood estimation results indicated that the data had good fit with three-component scale and fit indices were acceptable: χ(2)/df=3.96, df=41, χ(2) =120.59, RMSIA=0.080, 95% Confidence Interval=0.64-0.097, CFI=0.96, GFI=0.94, AGFI=0.89. The internal control components and equipment and environmental control were negatively correlated with each other (P≤0.05, r=-0.41). Also, a weak correlation between chance and fate and environmental and equipment control was seen (P≤0.05, r=0.31).
In most studies, designing a scale and determining its validity and reliability is costly and time consuming. The available reliable and valid scale leads to reduced costs and accelerated research. In other words, duplication will be avoided. The scale obtained in this study can be used in safety and industrial psychology research.
有效的安全教育可以预防许多职业事故。为了有效地对公众进行安全教育，必须探讨安全行为的决定因素。人格结构是安全行为最重要的决定因素之一。最近与事故相关的研究中涉及的人格结构之一是控制点。本研究的主要目的是设计、验证并确定安全控制点量表的信度。
本研究为描述性横断面研究。采用“前后”程序将安全控制点量表（琼斯和贝克尔，1985年）从英语翻译成波斯语。为了确定该量表的科学效度，采用专家判断的表面效度和内容效度。使用克朗巴哈α系数确定内部一致性。向来自伊斯法罕钢铁公司不同部门的400名工人发放问卷。最后，317名工人完成了问卷。使用SPSS13软件进行探索性因素分析，使用LISREL8.8软件进行验证性因素分析。
探索性因素分析结果显示，量表中的项目可提取出三个分量表，包括内部控制（4个问题）、环境与设备控制（4个问题）以及机遇与命运（4个问题）。使用最大似然估计的验证性因素分析结果表明，数据与三分量表拟合良好且拟合指数可接受：χ(2)/df = 3.96，df = 41，χ(2) = 120.59，RMSIA = 0.080，95%置信区间 = 0.64 - 0.097，CFI = 0.96，GFI = 0.94，AGFI = 0.89。内部控制分量表与设备和环境控制分量表之间呈负相关（P≤0.05，r = -0.41）。此外，机遇与命运分量表与环境和设备控制分量表之间存在弱相关性（P≤0.05，r = 0.31）。
在大多数研究中，设计量表并确定其效度和信度成本高且耗时。现有的可靠有效量表可降低成本并加速研究。换句话说，可避免重复工作。本研究获得的量表可用于安全和工业心理学研究。
