Robert Koch Institute, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Berlin, Germany.
Euro Surveill. 2013 Mar 28;18(13):20437.
Injection anthrax was described first in 2000 in a heroin-injecting drug user in Norway. New anthrax cases among heroin consumers were detected in the United Kingdom (52 cases) and Germany (3 cases) in 2009-10. In June 2012, a fatal case occurred in Regensburg, Bavaria. As of December 2012, 13 cases had been reported in this new outbreak from Germany, Denmark, France and the United Kingdom. We analysed isolates from 2009-10 and 2012 as well as from the first injection anthrax case in Norway in 2000 by comparative molecular typing using a high resolution 31 marker multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) and a broad single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis. Our results show that all cases may be traced back to the same outbreak strain. They also indicate the probability of a single source contaminating heroin and that the outbreak could have lasted for at least a decade. However, an additional serological pilot study in two German regions conducted in 2011 failed to discover additional anthrax cases among 288 heroin users.
2000 年，挪威一名注射海洛因的吸毒者首次出现注射性炭疽病例。2009-2010 年，英国（52 例）和德国（3 例）发现新的海洛因使用者炭疽病例。2012 年 6 月，巴伐利亚州雷根斯堡发生一起致命病例。截至 2012 年 12 月，德国、丹麦、法国和英国共报告了 13 例此次新爆发的病例。我们通过高分辨率 31 标记多位点可变数目串联重复分析（MLVA）和广泛的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）分析，对 2009-2010 年和 2012 年的分离株以及 2000 年挪威首例注射性炭疽病例进行了分析。我们的结果表明，所有病例都可能追溯到同一暴发菌株。它们还表明，污染海洛因的单一来源的可能性，并且该暴发可能已经持续了至少十年。然而，2011 年在德国两个地区进行的一项额外的血清学试点研究未能在 288 名海洛因使用者中发现其他炭疽病例。
