Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Donner 464, 1 Cycloton Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2013 May;33(5):1085-91. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.112.300878. Epub 2013 Apr 4.
To test whether equivalent energy expenditure by moderate-intensity (eg, walking) and vigorous-intensity exercise (eg, running) provides equivalent health benefits.
We used the National Runners' (n=33 060) and Walkers' (n=15 945) Health Study cohorts to examine the effect of differences in exercise mode and thereby exercise intensity on coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors. Baseline expenditure (metabolic equivant hours per day [METh/d]) was compared with self-reported, physician-diagnosed incident hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, and CHD during 6.2 years follow-up. Running significantly decreased the risks for incident hypertension by 4.2% (P<10(-7)), hypercholesterolemia by 4.3% (P<10(-14)), diabetes mellitus by 12.1% (P<10(-5)), and CHD by 4.5% per METh/d (P=0.05). The corresponding reductions for walking were 7.2% (P<10(-6)), 7.0% (P<10(-8)), 12.3% (P<10(-4)), and 9.3% (P=0.01). Relative to <1.8 METh/d, the risk reductions for 1.8 to 3.6, 3.6 to 5.4, 5.4 to 7.2, and ≥7.2 METh/d were as follows: (1) 10.1%, 17.7%, 25.1%, and 34.9% from running and 14.0%, 23.8%, 21.8%, and 38.3% from walking for hypercholesterolemia; (2) 19.7%, 19.4%, 26.8%, and 39.8% from running and 14.7%, 19.1%, 23.6%, and 13.3% from walking for hypertension; and (3) 43.5%, 44.1%, 47.7%, and 68.2% from running, and 34.1%, 44.2% and 23.6% from walking for diabetes mellitus (walking >5.4 METh/d excluded for too few cases). The risk reductions were not significantly different for running than walking for diabetes mellitus (P=0.94), hypertension (P=0.06), or CHD (P=0.26), and only marginally greater for walking than running for hypercholesterolemia (P=0.04).
Equivalent energy expenditures by moderate (walking) and vigorous (running) exercise produced similar risk reductions for hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, and possibly CHD.
验证中强度（如步行）和高强度（如跑步）运动所消耗的等量能量是否能带来同等的健康益处。
我们利用全国跑步者（n=33060）和步行者（n=15945）健康研究队列，研究运动模式差异以及由此导致的运动强度对冠心病（CHD）风险因素的影响。比较了基线时（每天代谢当量小时数 [METh/d]）与 6.2 年随访期间自我报告的、经医生诊断的高血压、高胆固醇血症、糖尿病和 CHD 之间的关系。跑步显著降低了高血压的发病风险 4.2%（P<10(-7)），高胆固醇血症发病风险 4.3%（P<10(-14)），糖尿病发病风险 12.1%（P<10(-5)），CHD 发病风险 4.5%/METh/d（P=0.05）。相应的步行风险降低幅度分别为 7.2%（P<10(-6)）、7.0%（P<10(-8)）、12.3%（P<10(-4)）和 9.3%（P=0.01）。与<1.8 METh/d 相比，1.8-3.6、3.6-5.4、5.4-7.2 和≥7.2 METh/d 的风险降低幅度分别为：（1）跑步为 10.1%、17.7%、25.1%和 34.9%，步行为 14.0%、23.8%、21.8%和 38.3%，高胆固醇血症；（2）跑步为 19.7%、19.4%、26.8%和 39.8%，步行为 14.7%、19.1%、23.6%和 13.3%，高血压；（3）跑步为 43.5%、44.1%、47.7%和 68.2%，步行为 34.1%、44.2%和 23.6%，糖尿病（步行>5.4 METh/d 因病例太少而排除）。跑步和步行在糖尿病（P=0.94）、高血压（P=0.06）或 CHD（P=0.26）的风险降低方面没有显著差异，而步行在高胆固醇血症方面的风险降低幅度略高于跑步（P=0.04）。
中强度（如步行）和高强度（如跑步）运动所消耗的等量能量对高血压、高胆固醇血症、糖尿病和可能的 CHD 都有相似的降低风险作用。
