Gribble Anne K, Hershey Maria S, López-Gil José Francisco, Lan Fan-Yun, Kales Stefanos N, Martínez-González Miguel Á, Bes-Rastrollo Maira, Fernandez-Montero Alejandro
Occupational Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance Harvard Medical School Cambridge MA.
Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District NSW Health Warrawong New South Wales Australia.
J Am Heart Assoc. 2025 Jun 17;14(12):e038664. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.124.038664. Epub 2025 Jun 5.
Physical activity (PA) is known to protect against incident hypertension, but the preferred intensity of PA to prevent hypertension remains unknown. Energy expenditure (EE) in PA is generally considered the primary determinant of effect, whereas intensity is usually considered nondifferential provided it is moderate or above. However, intensity may produce its own distinct effect.
We used data from the SUN () cohort-a large prospective longitudinal cohort in Spain-to investigate the relation between intensity of habitual PA and hypertension incidence. Average intensity of habitual PA was calculated including both leisure time PA and incidental PA (walking and stairclimbing). Hazard ratios (HRs) for incident hypertension and 95% CIs were estimated using Cox regression analyses adjusted for EE, body mass index, and other important covariables. Comparative models explored how duration of time in PA and EE in PA related to hypertension incidence. In the study,10 524 participants without prior diagnosis of hypertension (62.5% women, mean age 36.2 years, mean body mass index 23.3 kg/m) were followed for 126 876 person-years. A total of 1504 cases of incident hypertension emerged. After adjustment for EE and other covariables, increasing intensity of PA was monotonically associated with decreased risk for incident hypertension (adjusted HR for Q5 versus Q1, 0.77 [95% CI, 0.64-0.92]). In contrast, increasing time in PA did not appear to affect risk of incident hypertension following adjustment for EE (aHR for Q5 versus Q1, 0.94 [95% CI, 0.57-1.55]).
Intensity of habitual PA is independently and inversely associated with incidence of hypertension.
URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique Identifier: NCT02669602.
已知身体活动（PA）可预防高血压的发生，但预防高血压的PA最佳强度仍不清楚。PA中的能量消耗（EE）通常被认为是效果的主要决定因素，而强度通常被认为只要达到中等或以上就没有差异。然而，强度可能会产生其独特的影响。
我们使用了西班牙大型前瞻性纵向队列研究SUN队列的数据，来研究习惯性PA强度与高血压发病率之间的关系。计算习惯性PA的平均强度，包括休闲时间PA和日常活动（步行和爬楼梯）。使用Cox回归分析估计高血压发病的风险比（HRs）和95%置信区间（CIs），并对EE、体重指数和其他重要协变量进行了调整。比较模型探讨了PA时间和PA中的EE与高血压发病率之间的关系。在该研究中，对10524名未预先诊断为高血压的参与者（62.5%为女性，平均年龄36.2岁，平均体重指数23.3kg/m²）进行了126876人年的随访。共出现1504例高血压发病病例。在对EE和其他协变量进行调整后，PA强度增加与高血压发病风险降低呈单调相关（Q5与Q1相比的调整后HR为0.77[95%CI，0.64 - 0.92]）。相比之下，在对EE进行调整后，PA时间增加似乎并未影响高血压发病风险（Q5与Q1相比的调整后HR为0.94[95%CI，0.57 - 1.55]）。
习惯性PA强度与高血压发病率独立且呈负相关。
