Patton G C, Johnson-Sabine E, Wood K, Mann A H, Wakeling A
Academic Department of Psychiatry, Royal Free Hospital, London.
Psychol Med. 1990 May;20(2):383-94. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700017700.
The occurrence and course of eating disorder in a large representative population of 15-year-old London schoolgirls has been assessed using a two-stage survey methodology. Attempts to control weight were common and often transient. Dieting was in the great majority of girls found to be a benign practice without progression to more extreme concerns about food and weight. However, a small proportion of dieters did become cases and formed the majority of new cases found at follow-up. The relative risk of dieters becoming cases was eight times that of non-dieters. Many factors conventionally associated with eating disorder were associated more with attempting weight control than caseness. These included pre-morbid personality, pre-morbid obesity and family weight pathology. Other factors, including social class, career choice and psychosexual development, had no association either with attempting weight control or caseness.
采用两阶段调查方法，对伦敦15岁女学生这一具有广泛代表性的大群体中饮食失调的发生情况及病程进行了评估。控制体重的尝试很常见，且往往是短暂的。在绝大多数女孩中，节食被发现是一种良性行为，不会发展为对食物和体重更为极端的关注。然而，一小部分节食者确实成为了病例，并且在随访中发现的新病例中占大多数。节食者成为病例的相对风险是非节食者的八倍。许多传统上与饮食失调相关的因素与试图控制体重的关联比与患病情况的关联更大。这些因素包括病前人格、病前肥胖和家庭体重问题。其他因素，包括社会阶层、职业选择和性心理发展，与试图控制体重或患病情况均无关联。
