Holt Robert R
Research Center for Mental Health at New York University, NY, USA.
Psychoanal Rev. 2013 Apr;100(2):239-66. doi: 10.1521/prev.2013.100.2.239.
The story of the young Freud's search for a brilliant career, familiar from his autobiography and standard sources, and of other relevant aspects of his adolescence, is reviewed in light of hypotheses about his unconscious fantasies. His plan to become a lawyer underwent a gradual change into a wish to make a great contribution to knowledge, like Darwin. But how did hearing the essay "On Nature" read tip the balance toward medicine? The author argues that an answer requires treating that text much the way an analyst interprets a dream or a set of free associations, and proceeds to do so. "On Nature" also foreshadows numerous themes in Freud's mature writings and in his professional practice. The paper concludes with reflections on activity and passivity in Freud's personality and professional work, and with a discussion of ways in which Darwin's theories and those of his followers revived interest in Nature-philosophy, themes from which, rather than the furor sanandi, drew Freud finally to medicine.
从他的自传及标准资料来源中，我们熟知了年轻的弗洛伊德追求辉煌事业的故事，以及他青春期的其他相关方面。本文根据关于他无意识幻想的假说，对这些内容进行了回顾。他最初想成为一名律师的计划逐渐转变为像达尔文那样为知识做出巨大贡献的愿望。但是，听了《论自然》这篇文章的朗诵后，是如何使天平倾向于医学的呢？作者认为，要找到答案，就需要像分析师解读梦或一组自由联想那样来对待这篇文章，并进而展开分析。《论自然》还预示了弗洛伊德成熟作品及专业实践中的众多主题。文章最后对弗洛伊德个性和专业工作中的主动性和被动性进行了思考，并讨论了达尔文及其追随者的理论如何重新唤起人们对自然哲学的兴趣，正是这些主题，而非治疗的狂热，最终吸引弗洛伊德投身医学。
