1VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Atten Disord. 2014 May;18(4):369-78. doi: 10.1177/1087054713482582. Epub 2013 Apr 8.
The aim of this study was to (a) test the usefulness of visuospatial working memory (VSWM) as an endophenotype for ADHD and (b) study the developmental trajectory of VSWM in ADHD.
A total of 110 ADHD patients, 60 unaffected siblings, and 109 controls, aged 8 to 29 years, were assessed on VSWM functioning. Multilevel analyses were carried out to account for the correlation between measurements within families.
ADHD patients showed impaired VSWM performance compared with unaffected siblings and controls, with comparable performance between unaffected siblings and controls. Impaired VSWM in ADHD patients was not more pronounced on higher memory loads, signifying executive rather than storage deficits as an underlying mechanism. ADHD patients, unaffected siblings, and controls showed parallel developmental trajectories of VSWM.
Current findings question the usefulness of VSWM as a neurocognitive endophenotype for ADHD and provide unique insights into the developmental trajectory of VSWM in ADHD.
本研究旨在(a)检验视空间工作记忆（VSWM）作为 ADHD 内表型的有用性，以及(b)研究 ADHD 中 VSWM 的发展轨迹。
共评估了 110 名 ADHD 患者、60 名无患病亲属和 109 名对照者的 VSWM 功能，他们的年龄在 8 至 29 岁之间。采用多层次分析来解释家族内测量之间的相关性。
与无患病亲属和对照组相比，ADHD 患者的 VSWM 表现受损，而无患病亲属和对照组的表现相当。在更高的记忆负荷下，ADHD 患者的 VSWM 受损并不更明显，表明其潜在机制是执行功能缺陷而非存储缺陷。ADHD 患者、无患病亲属和对照组的 VSWM 均呈现平行的发展轨迹。
目前的研究结果对 VSWM 作为 ADHD 的神经认知内表型的有用性提出了质疑，并为 ADHD 中 VSWM 的发展轨迹提供了独特的见解。
