Itoh H, Ohkuwa T
Department of Physical Education, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Japan.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1990;60(4):271-6. doi: 10.1007/BF00379395.
The purpose of this study was to elucidate the difference in peak blood ammonia concentration between sprinters and long-distance runners in submaximal, maximal and supramaximal exercise. Five sprinters and six long-distance runners performed cycle ergometer exercise at 50% maximal, 75% maximal, maximal and supramaximal heart rates. Blood ammonia and lactate were measured at 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 and 12.5 min after each exercise. Peak blood ammonia concentration at an exercise intensity producing 50% maximal heart rate was found to be significantly higher compared to the basal level in sprinters (P less than 0.01) and in long-distance runners (P less than 0.01). The peak blood ammonia concentration of sprinters was greater in supra-maximal exercise than in maximal exercise (P less than 0.05), while there was no significant difference in long-distance runners. The peak blood ammonia content after supramaximal exercise was higher in sprinters compared with long-distance runners (P less than 0.01). There was a significant relationship between peak blood ammonia and lactate after exercise in sprinters and in long-distance runners. These results suggest that peak blood ammonia concentration after supramaximal exercise may be increased by the recruitment of fast-twitch muscle fibres and/or by anaerobic training, and that the processes of blood ammonia and lactate production during exercise may be strongly linked in sprinters and long-distance runners.
本研究的目的是阐明短跑运动员和长跑运动员在次最大、最大和超最大运动时血氨峰值浓度的差异。五名短跑运动员和六名长跑运动员在最大心率的50%、75%、最大心率和超最大心率下进行了自行车测力计运动。在每次运动后的2.5、5、7.5、10和12.5分钟测量血氨和乳酸。发现在产生50%最大心率的运动强度下，短跑运动员（P<0.01）和长跑运动员（P<0.01）的血氨峰值浓度均显著高于基础水平。短跑运动员在超最大运动时的血氨峰值浓度大于最大运动时（P<0.05），而长跑运动员则无显著差异。与长跑运动员相比，短跑运动员在超最大运动后的血氨峰值含量更高（P<0.01）。短跑运动员和长跑运动员运动后血氨峰值与乳酸之间存在显著关系。这些结果表明，超最大运动后血氨峰值浓度可能因快肌纤维的募集和/或无氧训练而升高，并且在短跑运动员和长跑运动员中，运动期间血氨和乳酸的产生过程可能紧密相关。
