Thad Cochran Southern Horticultural Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 810 Hwy 26 W, Poplarville, MS 39470, USA.
Molecules. 2013 Apr 11;18(4):4308-27. doi: 10.3390/molecules18044308.
The antimicrobial properties of essential oils have been documented, and their use as "biocides" is gaining popularity. The aims of this study were to analyze the chemical composition and assess the biological activities of Hedychium essential oils. Oils from 19 Hedychium species and cultivars were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. The antifungal and insecticidal activities of these oils were tested against Colletotrichum acutatum, C. fragariae, and C. gloeosporioides, and three insects, the azalea lace bug (Stephanitis pyrioides), the yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti), and the red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta). Hedychium oils were rich in monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, especially 1,8-cineole (0.1%-42%), linalool (<0.1%-56%), a-pinene (3%-17%), b-pinene (4%-31%), and (E)-nerolidol (0.1%-20%). Hedychium oils had no antifungal effect on C. gloeosporioides, C. fragariae, and C. acutatum, but most Hedychium oils effectively killed azalea lace bugs. The oils also show promise as an adult mosquito repellent, but they would make rather poor larvicides or adulticides for mosquito control. Hedychium oils acted either as a fire ant repellent or attractant, depending on plant genotype and oil concentration.
精油具有抗菌特性，其作为“生物杀灭剂”的用途越来越受到关注。本研究旨在分析姜花属精油的化学成分，并评估其生物活性。采用气相色谱（GC）和气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）技术对 19 种姜花属植物的精油进行了分析。测试了这些精油对炭疽病菌、草莓炭疽病菌和胶孢炭疽病菌以及三种昆虫（石楠绣线菊蚜、埃及伊蚊和红火蚁）的抑菌和杀虫活性。姜花属精油富含单萜和倍半萜，特别是 1,8-桉叶素（0.1%-42%）、芳樟醇（<0.1%-56%）、α-蒎烯（3%-17%）、β-蒎烯（4%-31%）和（E）-金合欢醇（0.1%-20%）。姜花属精油对胶孢炭疽病菌、草莓炭疽病菌和炭疽病菌没有抑菌作用，但大多数姜花属精油能有效杀死石楠绣线菊蚜。这些油还显示出作为成蚊驱避剂的潜力，但作为蚊虫的幼虫或成虫防治剂，效果较差。姜花属精油对红火蚁的作用要么是驱避剂，要么是引诱剂，这取决于植物基因型和油浓度。
