调出一种感觉：检测被排斥期间情感衰退的调节作用。
Dial a feeling: Detecting moderation of affect decline during ostracism.
作者信息
Wesselmann Eric D, Wirth James H, Mroczek Daniel K, Williams Kipling D
机构信息
Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
出版信息
Pers Individ Dif. 2012 Oct 1;53(5):580-586. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2012.04.039.
Ostracism, being excluded and ignored, is a common and painful experience. Previous research has found ostracism's immediate effects robust to moderation by individual differences. However, this could be the result of using retrospective measures taken after the ostracism occurs, rather than assessing the effects of ostracism the episode. Participants completed measures of loneliness and social avoidance and distress before either being ostracized or included in a virtual ball-toss game, Cyberball. During Cyberball, participants recorded second-by-second phenomenological affect using a dial device. Individual differences in loneliness and social avoidance and distress moderated affective reactions throughout ostracism and inclusion. Lonely individuals, compared to less-lonely individuals, had slower affect decrease when ostracized but quicker affective increase when included. Additionally, socially-avoidant individuals recovered more slowly from ostracism than less-avoidant individuals. Replicating previous research, moderation by individual differences was not detected with measures taken only at end of the interaction or with retrospective measures.
被排斥和忽视的排挤行为是一种常见且痛苦的经历。先前的研究发现，排挤行为的即时影响不受个体差异调节的影响。然而，这可能是由于使用排挤行为发生后采取的回顾性测量方法，而非评估排挤行为这一事件本身的影响所致。参与者在被排挤或被纳入虚拟抛球游戏“网络球”之前，完成了孤独感、社交回避和痛苦程度的测量。在玩“网络球”游戏期间，参与者使用刻度盘设备逐秒记录现象学情感。孤独感、社交回避和痛苦程度的个体差异在整个排挤和被接纳过程中调节了情感反应。与孤独感较低的个体相比，孤独的个体在被排挤时情感下降较慢，但在被接纳时情感增加较快。此外，社交回避型个体从排挤中恢复的速度比回避程度较低的个体慢。重复先前的研究，仅在互动结束时采取的测量方法或回顾性测量方法未发现个体差异的调节作用。
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