Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste-CIBNOR, Instituto Politécnico Nacional #195, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S. 23096, Mexico.
Immunobiology. 2013 Aug;218(8):1093-103. doi: 10.1016/j.imbio.2013.03.004. Epub 2013 Mar 26.
Hemocytes play an important role in internal defense in mollusk bivalves; they are generally divided into granular and hyaline types, where the granules possess molecules to combat foreign particles. We investigated the morphology, staining reactions, and immune-related activities of hemocytes from the pectinid lions-paw scallop Nodipecten subnodosus. We showed that, in contrast to the conditions in most bivalves and similar to other pectinids, no granular cells were observed; only very few semi-granular cells were present and the large majority of cells were hyalinocytes and blast-like cells. The cytoplasm in many hyalinocytes showed vesicles of various sizes, but none with the staining characteristics of typical granules. When hemolymph was removed from these scallops, the plasma did not clot and the hemocytes rapidly adhered to one another in suspension. When living hemocytes were placed on a glass surface, they clustered into groups of various sizes; within minutes, pseudopods extended from the cells and outward migration began. Many cells spread to form extensive networks of flat cells, and other undifferentiated cells did not spread and kept a rounded morphology. Some hemocytes were immunologically active because they phagocytize Escherichia coli bacteria. Hemocytes expressed the carbohydrates residues N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, α-D-glucose, α-D-mannose, and α-L-fucose moieties, and cytochemical assays showed activity of acid phosphatase, specific esterase, and non-specific esterase, enzymes commonly associated with lysosomes and immunologic activity. These observations serve as a useful tool for further investigation of morphofunctional studies and physiological status of scallops.
血细胞在软体动物双壳贝类的体内防御中起着重要作用；它们通常分为颗粒型和透明型，其中颗粒型具有对抗外来颗粒的分子。我们研究了珍珠贝狮子爪扇贝 Nodipecten subnodosus 的血细胞的形态、染色反应和免疫相关活性。我们表明，与大多数双壳类动物的情况相反，与其他珍珠贝相似，没有观察到颗粒细胞；只有极少数的半颗粒细胞存在，绝大多数细胞是透明细胞和类淋巴细胞。许多透明细胞的细胞质中显示出各种大小的囊泡，但没有具有典型颗粒染色特征的囊泡。当从这些扇贝中取出血淋巴时，血浆不会凝结，血细胞在悬浮液中迅速彼此粘附。当活血细胞放在玻璃表面上时，它们会聚集形成各种大小的团块；几分钟内，伪足从细胞中伸出，开始向外迁移。许多细胞扩散形成广泛的扁平细胞网络，而其他未分化的细胞不会扩散并保持圆形形态。一些血细胞具有免疫活性，因为它们吞噬大肠杆菌细菌。血细胞表达了 N-乙酰-D-葡萄糖胺、α-D-葡萄糖、α-D-甘露糖和α-L-岩藻糖残基，细胞化学分析显示酸性磷酸酶、特异性酯酶和非特异性酯酶的活性，这些酶通常与溶酶体和免疫活性有关。这些观察结果为进一步研究扇贝的形态功能研究和生理状况提供了有用的工具。
