Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Nutrition. 2013 Jun;29(6):892-7. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2013.01.009. Epub 2013 Apr 14.
Evidence on the relation of saturated fatty acids (SFA) with inflammatory markers and adipokines is scarce and inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the association of the intake of total SFA, their subtypes (lauric, myristic, palmitic, and stearic acids), and SFA to polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ratio (SFA/PUFA ratio) with serum concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), adiponectin, and leptin among Portuguese adults.
We studied 395 non-institutionalized inhabitants of Porto (52.2% women; age range: 26-64 y) who were evaluated in 2010-2011, as part of EPIPorto study. Fatty acids intake was assessed with a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Blood was sampled after an overnight fast and serum concentrations of hs-CRP (through particle-enhanced immunonephelometry), adiponectin, and leptin (through radioimmunoassay) were determined. Regression coefficients (β) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were obtained from linear regression models, stratified by sex.
After adjusting for age, education, regular physical exercise, smoking, and central body fat percentage, hs-CRP was significantly and positively associated with lauric (β = 0.218; 95% CI, 0.071-0.365) and myristic acids (β = 0.220; 95% CI, 0.073-0.368) and with SFA/PUFA ratio (β = 0.171; 95% CI, 0.022-0.320) in men, but not in women. For adiponectin and leptin, no significant associations with SFA intake were observed in either sex.
A detrimental role of lauric and myristic acids and of high SFA/PUFA ratio is suggested by their association with elevated hs-CRP concentrations in men. Our findings may be helpful in the planning of dietary modifications aimed at the modulation of inflammatory activity that could be an intermediate step to coronary events.
关于饱和脂肪酸（SFA）与炎症标志物和脂肪因子之间关系的证据很少且不一致。本研究旨在评估总 SFA 及其亚型（月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸和硬脂酸）以及 SFA 与多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的比值（SFA/PUFA 比值）与血清高敏 C 反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、脂联素和瘦素浓度之间的关系在葡萄牙成年人中。
我们研究了 2010-2011 年在波尔图居住的 395 名非住院居民（52.2%为女性；年龄范围：26-64 岁），他们是 EPIPorto 研究的一部分。用经过验证的半定量食物频率问卷评估脂肪酸的摄入量。空腹过夜后抽取血液，通过颗粒增强免疫比浊法测定 hs-CRP（高敏 C 反应蛋白）、脂联素和瘦素（通过放射免疫法）的浓度。线性回归模型根据性别分层，得出回归系数（β）和 95%置信区间（CI）。
在校正年龄、教育程度、有规律的体育锻炼、吸烟和中心体脂肪百分比后，hs-CRP 与月桂酸（β=0.218；95%CI，0.071-0.365）和肉豆蔻酸（β=0.220；95%CI，0.073-0.368）呈显著正相关，与 SFA/PUFA 比值（β=0.171；95%CI，0.022-0.320）在男性中呈正相关，但在女性中无显著相关性。对于脂联素和瘦素，在两性中均未观察到 SFA 摄入量与它们之间存在显著关联。
月桂酸和肉豆蔻酸以及高 SFA/PUFA 比值与男性 hs-CRP 浓度升高有关，提示它们具有有害作用。我们的研究结果可能有助于计划旨在调节炎症活性的饮食改变，这可能是冠心病事件的中间步骤。
