Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
Am J Surg Pathol. 2013 Jun;37(6):853-9. doi: 10.1097/PAS.0b013e31827fcc18.
It is difficult to predict prognosis in patients with locoregional well-differentiated (WD) pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNET). We aimed to examine commonly used stratification systems [World Health organization (WHO) 2004 and 2010 classifications, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) staging, and the Hochwald grading system] for their power in predicting recurrence-free survival (RFS) in these patients. Seventy-five such patients (mean age 56 y, mean follow-up 79 mo) who underwent resection with sufficient tissue material and follow-up data were studied. RFS was correlated with variable clinicopathologic features and stratified with above-mentioned systems. Concordance index (CI) was then calculated. With the WHO 2004 classification, 16, 35, and 24 PanNETs were classified as benign behavior, uncertain behavior, and WD endocrine carcinoma, respectively. By the WHO 2010 classification, 26, 41, and 8 tumors were grade 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Using the Hochwald system, 47 were low grade, and 28 were intermediate grade. The AJCC staging information was complete for 62 patients (13 had the lymph node status Nx) and included: stages IA (19/62), IB (10/62), IIA (10/62), and IIB (23/62). The ENETS staging information was stages I (16/62), IIa (8/62), IIb (14/62), IIIa (0/62), and IIIb (24/62). The average Ki-67 proliferation index (PI) was 8.1%. Factors that predicted RFS included tumor size, nodal metastasis, vascular invasion, perineural invasion, necrosis, mitosis, and Ki-67 PI (all P<0.01). The CI for each system was: 0.6361 for WHO 2004, 0.6735 for WHO 2010, 0.6495 for AJCC staging, 0.6642 for ENETS staging, and 0.6851 for the Hochwald grading system. When these systems were analyzed in conjunction with various additional important pathologic features, combination of the Hochwald grading system and Ki-67 PI achieved the highest CI (0.7946). Therefore, although all these systems predict RFS well in locoregional WD PanNETs, the Hochwald grading system achieves the highest predictive ability. Further predictive power can be achieved by combining the Hochwald grading system and Ki-67 PI.
局部进展期分化良好(WD)胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤(PanNET)患者的预后难以预测。我们旨在研究常用的分层系统(世界卫生组织[WHO] 2004 年和 2010 年分类、美国癌症联合委员会[AJCC]和欧洲神经内分泌肿瘤学会[ENETS]分期以及 Hochwald 分级系统)在预测这些患者无复发生存率(RFS)方面的能力。研究了 75 名接受充分组织材料和随访数据的此类患者(平均年龄 56 岁,平均随访 79 个月)。将 RFS 与上述系统的各种临床病理特征相关联,并进行分层。然后计算一致性指数(CI)。根据 WHO 2004 年分类,16、35 和 24 个 PanNET 分别被归类为良性行为、不确定行为和 WD 内分泌癌。根据 WHO 2010 年分类,26、41 和 8 个肿瘤分别为 1 级、2 级和 3 级。根据 Hochwald 系统,47 个为低级别,28 个为中级别。AJCC 分期信息完整的有 62 例(13 例淋巴结状态 Nx),包括:IA 期(19/62)、IB 期(10/62)、IIA 期(10/62)和 IIB 期(23/62)。ENETS 分期信息包括 I 期(16/62)、IIa 期(8/62)、IIb 期(14/62)、IIIa 期(0/62)和 IIIb 期(24/62)。平均 Ki-67 增殖指数(PI)为 8.1%。预测 RFS 的因素包括肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移、血管侵犯、神经周围侵犯、坏死、有丝分裂和 Ki-67 PI(均 P<0.01)。每个系统的 CI 分别为:WHO 2004 为 0.6361、WHO 2010 为 0.6735、AJCC 分期为 0.6495、ENETS 分期为 0.6642 和 Hochwald 分级系统为 0.6851。当这些系统与各种其他重要病理特征一起分析时,Hochwald 分级系统和 Ki-67 PI 的组合达到了最高的 CI(0.7946)。因此,尽管所有这些系统在局部进展期 WD PanNET 中均能很好地预测 RFS,但 Hochwald 分级系统的预测能力最高。通过结合 Hochwald 分级系统和 Ki-67 PI,可以获得更高的预测能力。