Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Environ Microbiol. 2013 Oct;15(10):2696-711. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.12126. Epub 2013 Apr 18.
Type 2C Ser/Thr phosphatases (PP2Cs) are involved in various cellular processes in many eukaryotes, but little has been known about their functions in filamentous fungi. Botrytis cinerea contains four putative PP2C genes, named BcPTC1, -3, -5, and -6. Biological functions of these genes were analysed by gene deletion and complementation. While no phenotypes aberrant from the wild type were observed with mutants of BcPTC5 and BcPTC6, mutants of BcPTC1 and BcPTC3 had reduced hyphal growth, increased conidiation, and impaired sclerotium development. Additionally, BcPTC1 and BcPTC3 mutants exhibited increased sensitivity to osmotic and oxidative stresses, and to cell wall degrading enzymes. Both mutants exhibited dramatically decreased virulence on host plant tissues. All of the defects were restored by genetic complementation of the mutants with wild-type BcPTC1 and BcPTC3 respectively. Different from what is known in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, BcPtc3, but not BcPtc1, negatively regulates phosphorylation of BcSak1 (the homologue of S. cerevisiae Hog1) in B. cinerea, although both BcPTC1 and BcPTC3 were able to rescue the growth defects of a yeast PTC1 deletion mutant under various stress conditions. These results demonstrated that BcPtc1 and BcPtc3 play important roles in the regulation of multiple stress tolerance and virulence of B. cinerea.
2C 型丝氨酸/苏氨酸磷酸酶（PP2Cs）参与许多真核生物的各种细胞过程，但在丝状真菌中它们的功能知之甚少。灰葡萄孢含有四个推定的 PP2C 基因，分别命名为 BcPTC1、-3、-5 和 -6。通过基因缺失和互补分析了这些基因的生物学功能。尽管 BcPTC5 和 BcPTC6 突变体没有观察到与野生型不同的表型异常，但 BcPTC1 和 BcPTC3 突变体的菌丝生长减少，产孢增加，菌核发育受损。此外，BcPTC1 和 BcPTC3 突变体对渗透压和氧化应激以及细胞壁降解酶的敏感性增加。两个突变体对宿主植物组织的毒力均显著降低。通过野生型 BcPTC1 和 BcPTC3 分别对突变体进行遗传互补，恢复了所有缺陷。与酿酒酵母中已知的情况不同，BcPtc3 而不是 BcPtc1 负调控灰葡萄孢中 BcSak1（酿酒酵母 Hog1 的同源物）的磷酸化，尽管 BcPTC1 和 BcPTC3 都能够在各种胁迫条件下拯救酵母 PTC1 缺失突变体的生长缺陷。这些结果表明，BcPtc1 和 BcPtc3 在调控灰葡萄孢的多种胁迫耐受性和毒力方面发挥着重要作用。
