Endocannabinoid Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.
Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2013 May;34(5):273-82. doi: 10.1016/j.tips.2013.03.003. Epub 2013 Apr 17.
Changes in lipid metabolism are intimately related to cancer. Several classes of bioactive lipids play roles in the regulation of signaling pathways involved in neoplastic transformation and tumor growth and progression. The endocannabinoid system, comprising lipid-derived endocannabinoids, their G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), and the enzymes for their metabolism, is emerging as a promising therapeutic target in cancer. This report highlights the main signaling pathways for the antitumor effects of the endocannabinoid system in cancer and its basic role in cancer pathogenesis, and discusses the alternative view of cannabinoid receptors as tumor promoters. We focus on new players in the antitumor action of the endocannabinoid system and on emerging crosstalk among cannabinoid receptors and other membrane or nuclear receptors involved in cancer. We also discuss the enzyme MAGL, a key player in endocannabinoid metabolism that was recently recognized as a marker of tumor lipogenic phenotype.
脂质代谢的变化与癌症密切相关。几类生物活性脂质在调节参与肿瘤转化和生长及进展的信号通路中发挥作用。内源性大麻素系统包括脂质衍生的内源性大麻素、它们的 G 蛋白偶联受体 (GPCR) 和代谢它们的酶，正在成为癌症治疗的一个有前途的靶点。本报告重点介绍了内源性大麻素系统在癌症中的抗肿瘤作用的主要信号通路及其在癌症发病机制中的基本作用，并讨论了大麻素受体作为肿瘤促进剂的另一种观点。我们专注于内源性大麻素系统抗肿瘤作用的新参与者，以及大麻素受体与其他参与癌症的膜或核受体之间的新兴串扰。我们还讨论了 MAGL 酶，它是内源性大麻素代谢中的关键参与者，最近被认为是肿瘤脂肪生成表型的标志物。
