Turizo-Smith Andrés David, Córdoba-Hernandez Samantha, Mejía-Guarnizo Lidy Vannessa, Monroy-Camacho Paula Stefany, Rodríguez-García Josefa Antonia
Doctorado en Oncología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
Semillero de Investigación en Cannabis y Derivados (SICAD), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
Front Pharmacol. 2024 May 10;15:1385479. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1385479. eCollection 2024.
Chronic inflammation plays a crucial role in the onset and progression of pathologies like neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer, since tumor development and chronic inflammation are linked, sharing common signaling pathways. At least 20% of breast and colorectal cancers are associated with chronic inflammation triggered by infections, irritants, or autoimmune diseases. Obesity, chronic inflammation, and cancer interconnection underscore the importance of population-based interventions in maintaining healthy body weight, to disrupt this axis. Given that the dietary inflammatory index is correlated with an increased risk of cancer, adopting an anti-inflammatory diet supplemented with nutraceuticals may be useful for cancer prevention. Natural products and their derivatives offer promising antitumor activity with favorable adverse effect profiles; however, the development of natural bioactive drugs is challenging due to their variability and complexity, requiring rigorous research processes. It has been shown that combining anti-inflammatory products, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and statins, with plant-derived products demonstrate clinical utility as accessible adjuvants to traditional therapeutic approaches, with known safety profiles. Pharmacological approaches targeting multiple proteins involved in inflammation and cancer pathogenesis emerge as a particularly promising option. Given the systemic and multifactorial nature of inflammation, comprehensive strategies are essential for long term success in cancer therapy. To gain insights into carcinogenic phenomena and discover diagnostic or clinically relevant biomarkers, is pivotal to understand genetic variability, environmental exposure, dietary habits, and TME composition, to establish therapeutic approaches based on molecular and genetic analysis. Furthermore, the use of endocannabinoid, cannabinoid, and prostamide-type compounds as potential therapeutic targets or biomarkers requires further investigation. This review aims to elucidate the role of specific etiological agents and mediators contributing to persistent inflammatory reactions in tumor development. It explores potential therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment, emphasizing the urgent need for cost-effective approaches to address cancer-associated inflammation.
慢性炎症在神经退行性疾病、心血管疾病、糖尿病和癌症等病理状况的发生和发展中起着关键作用，因为肿瘤发展与慢性炎症相互关联，共享共同的信号通路。至少20%的乳腺癌和结直肠癌与感染、刺激物或自身免疫性疾病引发的慢性炎症有关。肥胖、慢性炎症和癌症之间的相互联系凸显了基于人群的干预措施在维持健康体重以打破这一关联方面的重要性。鉴于饮食炎症指数与癌症风险增加相关，采用补充营养保健品的抗炎饮食可能有助于预防癌症。天然产物及其衍生物具有良好的抗肿瘤活性和有利的不良反应谱；然而，由于其变异性和复杂性，天然生物活性药物的开发具有挑战性，需要严格的研究过程。研究表明，将抗炎产品，如非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）、皮质类固醇和他汀类药物，与植物源产品联合使用具有临床实用性，可作为传统治疗方法的辅助手段，且安全性已知。针对参与炎症和癌症发病机制的多种蛋白质的药理学方法是一个特别有前景的选择。鉴于炎症的系统性和多因素性质，全面的策略对于癌症治疗的长期成功至关重要。为了深入了解致癌现象并发现诊断或临床相关的生物标志物，了解基因变异性、环境暴露、饮食习惯和肿瘤微环境组成以建立基于分子和基因分析的治疗方法至关重要。此外，将内源性大麻素、大麻素和前列腺素类化合物用作潜在治疗靶点或生物标志物需要进一步研究。本综述旨在阐明特定病因和介质在肿瘤发展中导致持续性炎症反应的作用。它探讨了癌症治疗的潜在策略，强调迫切需要具有成本效益的方法来解决与癌症相关的炎症。
