Naz Syeda Sohaila, Islam Nazar Ul, Shah Muhammad Raza, Alam Syed Sartaj, Iqbal Zafar, Bertino Massimo, Franzel Louis, Ahmed Afifa
J Nanobiotechnology. 2013 Apr 22;11:13. doi: 10.1186/1477-3155-11-13.
The conjugation of gold nanoparticles with biocides such as natural products, oligosaccharides, DNA, proteins has attracted great attention of scientists recently. Gold NPs covered with biologically important molecules showed significant enhancement in biological activity in comparison with the activity of the free biocides. However, these reports are not very systematic and do not allow to draw definitive conclusions. We therefore embarked in a systematic study related to the synthesis and characterization of biocidal activities of Au nanoparticles conjugated to a wide variety of synthetic and natural biomolecules. In this specific report, we investigated the activity of a synthetic biocide, 2-4, Dihydroxybenzene carbodithioic acid (DHT).
Au nanoparticles (NP) with a mean size of about 20 nm were synthesized and functionalized in one pot with the help of biocide 2,4-Dihydroxybenzene carbodithioic acid (DHT) to reduce HAuCl4 in aqueous solution. Conjugation of DHT with gold was confirmed by FT-IR and the amount of DHT conjugated to the Au nanoparticles was found to be 7% by weight by measuring the concentration of DHT in the supernatant after centrifugation of the Au NPs. To ascertain the potential for in vivo applications, the stability of the suspensions was investigated as a function of pH, temperature and salt concentration. Antibacterial, antifungal, insecticidal and cytotoxic activities of the Au-DHT conjugates were compared with those of pure DHT and of commercially available biocides. In all cases, the biocidal activity of the Au-DHT conjugates was comparable to that of commercial products and of DHT.
Since the DHT concentration in the Au-DHT conjugates was only about 7%, our results indicate that conjugation to the Au NPs boosts the biocidal activity of DHT by about 14 times. The suspensions were found to be stable for several days at temperatures of up to 100°C, salt concentrations up to 4 mol/L and a pH range of 2-13.
金纳米颗粒与天然产物、寡糖、DNA、蛋白质等生物杀灭剂的结合最近引起了科学家们的极大关注。与游离生物杀灭剂的活性相比，覆盖有生物学重要分子的金纳米颗粒在生物活性方面表现出显著增强。然而，这些报道并不十分系统，也无法得出明确结论。因此，我们着手进行了一项系统研究，涉及与多种合成和天然生物分子共轭的金纳米颗粒的生物杀灭活性的合成与表征。在这份具体报告中，我们研究了一种合成生物杀灭剂2-4，二羟基苯二硫代羧酸（DHT）的活性。
合成了平均尺寸约为20nm的金纳米颗粒（NP），并在杀菌剂2,4-二羟基苯二硫代羧酸（DHT）的帮助下在一个反应釜中进行功能化，以还原水溶液中的HAuCl4。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）确认了DHT与金的共轭，通过测量金纳米颗粒离心后上清液中DHT的浓度，发现与金纳米颗粒共轭的DHT量为7%（重量）。为了确定体内应用的潜力，研究了悬浮液的稳定性与pH、温度和盐浓度的关系。将金-DHT共轭物的抗菌、抗真菌、杀虫和细胞毒性活性与纯DHT和市售生物杀灭剂的活性进行了比较。在所有情况下，金-DHT共轭物的生物杀灭活性与商业产品和DHT相当。
由于金-DHT共轭物中的DHT浓度仅约为7%，我们的结果表明，与金纳米颗粒共轭使DHT的生物杀灭活性提高了约14倍。发现悬浮液在高达100°C的温度、高达4mol/L的盐浓度和2-13的pH范围内可稳定数天。
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