Dougherty G, Pless I B, Wilkins R
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University, Montreal Children's Hospital, Quebec.
Can J Public Health. 1990 May-Jun;81(3):204-9.
This paper examines motor vehicle traffic accident deaths and injuries to pedestrians and bicyclists (ICD-9 codes E813-E814) aged 0-14 years, by income quintile of area of residence. It is based on 92 deaths in urban Canada in 1981, 69 deaths in Montreal during the period 1979-1983, and 1,133 injuries which resulted in hospital care or police reports in Montreal in 1981. For injuries in Montreal, the pattern of socio-economic inequality in the annual incidence rates by quintile was very pronounced, completely regular and highly significant. The rate of injury to children living in the poorest neighbourhoods was four times that of children living in the least poor neighbourhoods. For both sexes, inequalities were much more pronounced for pedestrians compared to bicyclists. For deaths in Montreal and all of urban Canada, the inequality in the rates did not follow such a consistent pattern across the income quintiles, nor were the differences statistically significant in most cases, but the rates for each sex were consistently highest in the poorest income quintile. Socio-economic inequalities in the rates of death and injury were greater in girls than in boys. The results are discussed in the context of theories of etiology and strategies for prevention.
本文按居住地区的收入五分位数，研究了0至14岁行人及骑自行车者的机动车交通事故死亡和受伤情况（国际疾病分类第九版代码E813 - E814）。它基于1981年加拿大城市的92例死亡、1979 - 1983年蒙特利尔的69例死亡以及1981年蒙特利尔1133例导致住院治疗或警方报告的受伤情况。对于蒙特利尔的受伤情况，按五分位数划分的年发病率的社会经济不平等模式非常明显、完全规律且高度显著。生活在最贫困社区的儿童受伤率是生活在最不贫困社区儿童的四倍。对于男女两性而言，行人的不平等情况比骑自行车者更为明显。对于蒙特利尔和加拿大所有城市的死亡情况，死亡率的不平等在各收入五分位数中并非呈现如此一致的模式，而且在大多数情况下差异也无统计学意义，但每个性别的死亡率在最贫困收入五分位数中始终最高。死亡和受伤率的社会经济不平等在女孩中比在男孩中更大。本文在病因学理论和预防策略的背景下对结果进行了讨论。
