School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.
School of Business IT and Logistics, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.
J Urban Health. 2017 Dec;94(6):855-868. doi: 10.1007/s11524-017-0200-z.
Socioeconomic factors are known to be contributing factors for vehicle-pedestrian crashes. Although several studies have examined the socioeconomic factors related to the location of the crashes, limited studies have considered the socioeconomic factors of the neighborhood where the road users live in vehicle-pedestrian crash modelling. This research aims to identify the socioeconomic factors related to both the neighborhoods where the road users live and where crashes occur that have an influence on vehicle-pedestrian crash severity. Data on vehicle-pedestrian crashes that occurred at mid-blocks in Melbourne, Australia, was analyzed. Neighborhood factors associated with road users' residents and location of crash were investigated using boosted regression tree (BRT). Furthermore, partial dependence plots were applied to illustrate the interactions between these factors. We found that socioeconomic factors accounted for 60% of the 20 top contributing factors to vehicle-pedestrian crashes. This research reveals that socioeconomic factors of the neighborhoods where the road users live and where the crashes occur are important in determining the severity of the crashes, with the former having a greater influence. Hence, road safety countermeasures, especially those focussing on the road users, should be targeted at these high-risk neighborhoods.
社会经济因素被认为是导致车-人碰撞的因素之一。尽管已有多项研究调查了与碰撞位置相关的社会经济因素，但很少有研究考虑到道路使用者居住的邻里的社会经济因素在车-人碰撞模型中的作用。本研究旨在确定与道路使用者居住的邻里以及发生碰撞的地点相关的社会经济因素对车-人碰撞严重程度的影响。对发生在澳大利亚墨尔本的街道中间的车-人碰撞数据进行了分析。使用提升回归树（BRT）方法研究了与道路使用者居民和碰撞位置相关的邻里因素。此外，还应用了部分依赖图来说明这些因素之间的相互作用。结果发现，社会经济因素占车-人碰撞的 20 个主要致因的 60%。本研究揭示了道路使用者居住和碰撞发生的邻里的社会经济因素对碰撞严重程度的重要性，其中前者的影响更大。因此，道路安全对策，特别是针对道路使用者的对策，应针对这些高风险的邻里地区。
