General and Experimental Psychology, Department Psychology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
PLoS One. 2013 Apr 16;8(4):e62065. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062065. Print 2013.
Duration estimation is known to be far from veridical and to differ for sensory estimates and motor reproduction. To investigate how these differential estimates are integrated for estimating or reproducing a duration and to examine sensorimotor biases in duration comparison and reproduction tasks, we compared estimation biases and variances among three different duration estimation tasks: perceptual comparison, motor reproduction, and auditory reproduction (i.e. a combined perceptual-motor task). We found consistent overestimation in both motor and perceptual-motor auditory reproduction tasks, and the least overestimation in the comparison task. More interestingly, compared to pure motor reproduction, the overestimation bias was reduced in the auditory reproduction task, due to the additional reproduced auditory signal. We further manipulated the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the feedback/comparison tones to examine the changes in estimation biases and variances. Considering perceptual and motor biases as two independent components, we applied the reliability-based model, which successfully predicted the biases in auditory reproduction. Our findings thus provide behavioral evidence of how the brain combines motor and perceptual information together to reduce duration estimation biases and improve estimation reliability.
时长估计向来与实际情况不符，且在感官估计和运动再现之间存在差异。为了研究这些不同的估计值如何整合以估计或再现时长，并检验时长比较和再现任务中的感觉运动偏差，我们比较了三种不同时长估计任务（感知比较、运动再现和听觉再现（即组合的感知-运动任务））之间的估计偏差和方差。我们发现，在运动和感知-运动听觉再现任务中都存在一致的高估，而在比较任务中则高估最少。更有趣的是，与纯粹的运动再现相比，听觉再现任务中的高估偏差由于额外的再现听觉信号而减少。我们进一步操纵反馈/比较音的信噪比（SNR），以检查估计偏差和方差的变化。考虑到感知和运动偏差是两个独立的分量，我们应用了基于可靠性的模型，该模型成功地预测了听觉再现中的偏差。因此，我们的研究结果提供了行为证据，证明了大脑如何将运动和感知信息结合在一起，以减少时长估计偏差并提高估计可靠性。
