Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, APHP, Hôtel-Dieu de Paris, Centre du sommeil et de la vigilance, Paris, France; Consensus Group on Shift Work: « Recommandations pour la surveillance médico-professionnelle des travailleurs postés et/ou de nuit », Paris, France.
Sleep Med Rev. 2013 Dec;17(6):433-44. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2012.12.006. Epub 2013 Apr 22.
Shift work is commonly associated with disturbed life rhythms, resulting in chronic exposure to circadian desynchronization and sleep restriction. Epidemiological data have shown that shift workers are at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and breast cancer. In this review, we will explore how observed increases in neuroendocrine stress, non-specific immune responses and pro-oxidative status could act as biological mediators for these damaging health risks in shift workers. To explain these risks, compelling evidence from laboratory studies links circadian misalignment but also sleep restriction to disruptions in the neuroendocrine, immune and oxidative stress systems. Assessment of neuroendocrine, oxidative and immune stress in the shift worker population is still a limited and novel field, which may have considerable clinical relevance. Finally, we will consider the potential benefits of a countermeasure, such as napping, in minimizing the neuroendocrine and immune stress and cardiovascular risk imposed by shift work.
轮班工作通常与紊乱的生活节奏有关，导致慢性昼夜节律失调和睡眠限制。流行病学数据表明，轮班工作者患心血管疾病和乳腺癌的风险增加。在这篇综述中，我们将探讨观察到的神经内分泌应激、非特异性免疫反应和促氧化状态增加如何作为轮班工作者这些健康风险的生物学介质。为了解释这些风险，实验室研究的有力证据将昼夜节律失调和睡眠限制与神经内分泌、免疫和氧化应激系统的紊乱联系起来。对轮班工人人群中的神经内分泌、氧化和免疫应激的评估仍然是一个有限的和新颖的领域，它可能具有相当大的临床意义。最后，我们将考虑对策（如小睡）的潜在益处，以最小化轮班工作带来的神经内分泌和免疫应激以及心血管风险。
