Estenne M, Zocchi L, Ward M, Macklem P T
Respiratory Research Unit and Chest Service, Erasme University Hospital, Brussels School of Medicine, Belgium.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1990 May;68(5):2075-82. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1990.68.5.2075.
The pattern of rib cage (RC) and abdomen (AB) motion and the electromyograms of the triangularis sterni (TS) and abdominal external oblique (EO) muscles were studied during speech and reading in six normal uninformed subjects in the sitting posture. Most phrases were started from within the tidal breathing range and extended below RC and AB spontaneous end-expiratory volumes. On the average, 75% of the change in chest wall volume occurred below the resting end-expiratory level. The expired volume resulted from a large predominance of RC displacement, and this was accompanied by marked recruitment of the TS. The EO was also generally activated, but the pattern of activation was less consistent. We conclude that 1) speech occurs primarily below the spontaneous end-expiratory level; 2) most of the volume change is caused by active emptying of the RC produced, at least in part, by contraction of the TS; 3) concomitant activation of the abdominal muscles serves to optimize the inspiratory function of the diaphragm, which has to contract rapidly between phrases to refill the respiratory system.
对6名正常不知情的受试者坐姿下说话和阅读时的胸廓（RC）和腹部（AB）运动模式以及胸骨三角肌（TS）和腹外斜肌（EO）的肌电图进行了研究。大多数短语从潮气量呼吸范围内开始，并延伸至胸廓和腹部自发呼气末容积以下。平均而言，胸壁容积变化的75%发生在静息呼气末水平以下。呼出容积主要是由于胸廓的大量移位，同时伴有胸骨三角肌的明显募集。腹外斜肌通常也被激活，但激活模式不太一致。我们得出结论：1）说话主要发生在自发呼气末水平以下；2）大部分容积变化是由胸廓主动排空引起的，至少部分是由胸骨三角肌收缩产生的；3）腹部肌肉的伴随激活有助于优化膈肌的吸气功能，膈肌必须在短语之间快速收缩以重新填充呼吸系统。
