Research Section of Geriatric Metabolic Bone Disease, Department of Osteoporosis, Shanghai Geriatric Institute, Fudan University affiliated Huadong Hospital, 221 West Yan An Road, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China,
J Bone Miner Metab. 2014 Jan;32(1):78-88. doi: 10.1007/s00774-013-0468-3. Epub 2013 Apr 26.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Shanghai, eastern China, to evaluate the prevalence of loss of muscle mass corresponding to sarcopenia in Chinese men and women and compare the results with the prevalence in other populations. We also analyzed the differences between men and women, and assessed the effect of lean mass and fat mass of different regions on bone mass. A total of 1766 men and 1778 women aged 18-96 years participated in this study. Bone mineral density of spine and femur, and lean mass and fat mass of several body regions were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Class 1 and class 2 sarcopenia were defined as the appendicular lean mass (ALM) index (ALM/height(2)) 1 and 2 standard deviations below the sex-specific means for young adults. Mean values for ALM index were 7.93 for men and 6.04 kg/m(2) for women, aged 18-40 years. The reference values for classes 1 and 2 sarcopenia were 7.01 and 6.08 kg/m(2) in men and 5.42 and 4.79 kg/m(2) in women. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 4.8% in women and 13.2% in men aged 70 years and older, which is lower than that in Caucasian populations, but the same as that in Japanese and Koreans in Asia. Men demonstrated greater declines in muscle mass with aging than women, partly due to the protective effect of fat mass on lean mass in women. Leg lean mass was the strongest factor on femur bone mass; however, trunk lean mass was the strongest factor on spine bone mass. Maintaining a healthy weight is important for the elderly in order to avoid osteoporosis and sarcopenia.
一项在中国东部上海市进行的横断面调查评估了中国男性和女性肌肉减少症（即与肌少症相关的肌肉质量损失）的流行率，并将结果与其他人群的流行率进行了比较。我们还分析了男女之间的差异，并评估了不同区域的瘦体重和脂肪量对骨量的影响。共有 1766 名男性和 1778 名女性（年龄 18-96 岁）参加了这项研究。通过双能 X 射线吸收法测量了脊柱和股骨的骨矿物质密度以及几个身体区域的瘦体重和脂肪量。将四肢瘦体重（ALM）指数（ALM/身高(2)）比年轻成年人的性别特异性平均值低 1 和 2 个标准差定义为肌少症 1 级和 2 级。男性和女性（年龄 18-40 岁）的平均 ALM 指数分别为 7.93 和 6.04 kg/m(2)。肌少症 1 级和 2 级的参考值分别为男性 7.01 和 6.08 kg/m(2)，女性 5.42 和 4.79 kg/m(2)。70 岁及以上的女性肌少症患病率为 4.8%，男性为 13.2%，低于白种人群，但与亚洲的日本人和韩国人相同。男性肌肉质量随年龄增长的下降幅度大于女性，部分原因是女性脂肪量对瘦体重的保护作用。腿部瘦体重是股骨骨量的最强影响因素；然而，躯干瘦体重是脊柱骨量的最强影响因素。保持健康的体重对老年人很重要，以避免骨质疏松症和肌少症。
