Lemay V, Drapeau V, Tremblay A, Mathieu M-E
Department of Kinesiology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; UHC Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Pediatr Obes. 2014 Aug;9(4):300-9. doi: 10.1111/j.2047-6310.2013.00158.x. Epub 2013 Apr 29.
Although energy expenditure during mental work is not higher than energy expenditure at rest, a stressful mental task is related to an increase in energy intake. It is suggested that mental work produces physiological changes, thereby influencing food intake.
Because physical activity can influence hunger, the aim of the study was to determine if the introduction of an active pause could counteract the negative effects of mental work on energy intake and energy balance.
Twelve male students, of normal weight, between 15 and 20 years old were evaluated. All subjects participated in three different sessions realized in a randomized order: (i) without pause = relaxation/mental work/meal; (ii) relaxation pause = mental work/relaxation/meal; and (iii) exercise pause = mental work/exercise/meal. Energy expenditure was measured with indirect calorimetry, energy intake was measured with a cold buffet-type meal of 40 items, and appetite-related sensations were measured with visual analogue scales. The effect of introducing an active pause in energy intake and energy balance was studied.
The introduction of an active pause did not influence energy intake; although, higher appetite-related sensations were observed (16-26 mm on a 150-mm scale; P < 0.05). After accounting for the energy expenditure related to physical activity, a lower energy balance was measured for the exercise pause visit compared with the visit without a pause (-1137 kJ; P < 0.05).
This study indicates that being active between mental work and a meal could represent a strategy to create a negative energy balance following mental work via an increased energy expenditure and a maintenance of energy intake. Globally, these results could help individuals attain and/or maintain a healthy body weight in a context where mental work is omnipresent.
尽管脑力劳动期间的能量消耗并不高于静息时的能量消耗，但有压力的脑力任务与能量摄入增加有关。有人认为，脑力劳动会产生生理变化，从而影响食物摄入。
由于身体活动会影响饥饿感，本研究旨在确定引入一段活动间歇是否可以抵消脑力劳动对能量摄入和能量平衡的负面影响。
对12名年龄在15至20岁之间的正常体重男学生进行评估。所有受试者以随机顺序参加三个不同的时段：（i）无间歇=放松/脑力劳动/进餐；（ii）放松间歇=脑力劳动/放松/进餐；以及（iii）运动间歇=脑力劳动/运动/进餐。通过间接测热法测量能量消耗，用包含40种食物的冷餐自助餐测量能量摄入，并用视觉模拟量表测量与食欲相关的感觉。研究了引入活动间歇对能量摄入和能量平衡的影响。
引入活动间歇并未影响能量摄入；尽管观察到与食欲相关的感觉更强（在150毫米量表上为16 - 26毫米；P < 0.05）。在考虑了与身体活动相关的能量消耗后，与无间歇时段相比，运动间歇时段的能量平衡更低（-1137千焦；P < 0.05）。
本研究表明，在脑力劳动和进餐之间进行活动可能是一种策略，通过增加能量消耗和维持能量摄入，在脑力劳动后创造负能量平衡。总体而言，这些结果可能有助于个体在脑力劳动普遍存在的情况下达到和/或维持健康体重。
