Wu Qiong, van Velthoven Michelle H M M T, Chen Li, Car Josip, Rudan Diana, Saftić Vanja, Zhang Yanfeng, Li Ye, Scherpbier Robert W
Department of Integrated Early Childhood Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China.
Croat Med J. 2013 Apr;54(2):157-70. doi: 10.3325/cmj.2013.54.157.
To develop affordable, appropriate, and nutritious recipes based on local food resources and dietary practices that have the potential to improve infant feeding practices.
We carried out a mixed methods study following the World Health Organization's evaluation guidelines on the promotion of child feeding. We recruited caregivers with children aged 6-23 months in Wuyi County, Hebei Province, China. The study included a 24-hour dietary recall survey, local food market survey, and development of a key local food list, food combinations, and recipes. Mothers tested selected recipes at their homes for two weeks. We interviewed mothers to obtain their perceptions on the recipes.
The 24-hour dietary recall survey included 110 mothers. Dietary diversity was poor; approximately 10% of children consumed meat and only 2% consumed vitamin A-rich vegetables. The main reason for not giving meat was the mothers' belief that their children could not chew and digest meat. With the help of mothers, we developed six improved nutritious recipes with locally available and affordable foods. Overall, mothers liked the recipes and were willing to continue using them.
This is the first study using a systematic evidence-based method to develop infant complementary recipes that can address complementary feeding problems in China. We developed recipes based on local foods and preparation practices and identified the barriers that mothers faced toward feeding their children with nutritious food. To improve nutrition practices, it is important to both give mothers correct feeding knowledge and assist them in cooking nutritious foods for their children based on locally available products. Further research is needed to assess long-term effects of those recipes on the nutritional status of children.
基于当地食物资源和饮食习惯开发经济实惠、适宜且营养丰富的食谱，以改善婴儿喂养方式。
我们按照世界卫生组织关于促进儿童喂养的评估指南开展了一项混合方法研究。在中国河北省武邑县招募了有6至23个月大孩子的照料者。该研究包括24小时饮食回顾调查、当地食品市场调查以及制定当地主要食物清单、食物搭配和食谱。母亲们在家中对选定的食谱进行了为期两周的测试。我们采访了母亲们以了解她们对这些食谱的看法。
24小时饮食回顾调查涵盖了110位母亲。饮食多样性较差；约10%的儿童食用肉类，仅2%的儿童食用富含维生素A的蔬菜。不给孩子吃肉的主要原因是母亲们认为孩子无法咀嚼和消化肉类。在母亲们的帮助下，我们用当地可得且价格实惠的食物开发了六种改良的营养食谱。总体而言，母亲们喜欢这些食谱并愿意继续使用。
这是第一项采用基于系统证据的方法来开发可解决中国辅食喂养问题的婴儿辅食食谱的研究。我们根据当地食物和制作方法开发了食谱，并确定了母亲们在给孩子喂食营养食物时所面临的障碍。为改善营养状况，既要给予母亲正确的喂养知识，又要帮助她们利用当地可得的产品为孩子烹制营养食物，这一点很重要。需要进一步研究来评估这些食谱对儿童营养状况的长期影响。
