Lemonda Brittany C, Holtzer Roee, Goldman Sylvie
Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, 1165 Morris Park Road, Bronx, NY 10461, United States.
Res Autism Spectr Disord. 2012 Jul 1;6(3):1099-1106. doi: 10.1016/j.rasd.2012.03.001.
This study reports on the relationship between motor stereotypies and impairments in executive functions (EF) in children with Autistic Disorder (AD) and in children with Developmental Language Disorders (DLD). We hypothesized that low EF performance would predict higher frequency and longer durations of stereotypies in the AD group only. Twenty-two children (age range = 7-9 years, 6 months, girls = 5) with AD were recruited from a longitudinal multi-site study and compared to twenty-two non-autistic children with DLD (age range = 7-9 years, 6 months, girls = 5). The two groups were matched on non-verbal IQ and demographic characteristics. Frequency and duration of stereotypies were coded from videotaped semi-structured play sessions. EF measures included the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST) Categories, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) Mazes, and Stanford-Binet Fourth Edition (SB-IV) Matrices. The scores for frequency and duration of stereotypies were higher in the AD group. Separate linear regressions revealed that group status, EF, and their interactions predict stereotypies. Specifically, lower EF scores predicted higher frequencies and longer durations of stereotypies in the AD group only. Analyses controlled for age, gender, and parent education. Findings suggest that in AD, EF impairments and stereotypies may be linked to shared brain pathways.
本研究报告了自闭症谱系障碍（AD）儿童和发育性语言障碍（DLD）儿童的运动刻板行为与执行功能（EF）损伤之间的关系。我们假设，只有在AD组中，较低的EF表现才会预示刻板行为的更高频率和更长持续时间。从一项纵向多地点研究中招募了22名患有AD的儿童（年龄范围 = 7 - 9岁6个月，女孩 = 5名），并与22名患有DLD的非自闭症儿童（年龄范围 = 7 - 9岁6个月，女孩 = 5名）进行比较。两组在非言语智商和人口统计学特征方面进行了匹配。刻板行为的频率和持续时间通过录像的半结构化游戏环节进行编码。EF测量包括威斯康星卡片分类任务（WCST）类别、韦氏儿童智力量表修订版（WISC - R）迷宫以及斯坦福 - 比奈第四版（SB - IV）矩阵。AD组中刻板行为的频率和持续时间得分更高。单独的线性回归显示，组别、EF及其相互作用可预测刻板行为。具体而言，只有在AD组中，较低的EF分数才预示着刻板行为的更高频率和更长持续时间。分析对年龄、性别和父母教育程度进行了控制。研究结果表明，在AD中，EF损伤和刻板行为可能与共同的脑通路有关。
