Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx, NY, USA ; Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx, NY, USA ; Rose F. Kennedy Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx, NY, USA.
Front Integr Neurosci. 2013 Jan 3;6:121. doi: 10.3389/fnint.2012.00121. eCollection 2012.
In autism, stereotypies are frequent and disabling, and whether they correspond to a hyperkinetic movement disorder, a homeostatic response aiming at sensory modulation, or a regulator of arousal remains to be established. So far, it has been challenging to distinguish among these different possibilities, not only because of lack of objective and quantitative means to assess stereotypies, but in our opinion also because of the underappreciated diversity of their clinical presentations. Herein, we illustrate the broad spectrum of stereotypies and demonstrate the usefulness of video-assisted clinical observations of children with autism. The clips presented were extracted from play sessions of 129 children with autism disorder. We conclude that compared to widely used questionnaires and interviews, systematic video observations provide a unique means to classify and score precisely the clinical features of stereotypies. We believe this approach will prove useful to both clinicians and researchers as it offers the level of detail from retrievable images necessary to begin to assess effects of age and treatments on stereotypies, and to embark on the type of investigations required to unravel the physiological basis of motor behaviors in autism.
在自闭症中，刻板行为很常见且具有致残性，其是一种过度的运动障碍，还是一种旨在调节感官的平衡反应，或者是一种觉醒调节，目前仍有待确定。到目前为止，要区分这些不同的可能性一直具有挑战性，不仅因为缺乏客观和定量的手段来评估刻板行为，而且在我们看来，还因为其临床表现的多样性被低估了。在这里，我们展示了刻板行为的广泛范围，并展示了视频辅助自闭症儿童临床观察的有用性。本文呈现的视频剪辑取自 129 名自闭症儿童的游戏环节。我们得出的结论是，与广泛使用的问卷和访谈相比，系统的视频观察为对刻板行为的临床特征进行精确分类和评分提供了一种独特的方法。我们相信这种方法对临床医生和研究人员都将是有用的，因为它提供了从可检索图像中获取详细信息的水平，这对于开始评估年龄和治疗对刻板行为的影响以及开展必要的研究以揭示自闭症运动行为的生理基础是必要的。
