el Zein M, Areas J L, Preuss H G
Georgetown University Medical Center, Department of Medicine (Nephrology), Washington, D.C. 20007.
Am J Hypertens. 1990 Jul;3(7):560-2. doi: 10.1093/ajh/3.7.560.
We placed groups of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) and a local strain of normotensive Wistar rats on 5 different diets. Our baseline diet (I) derived a near equal number of calories from sucrose, proteins and fats, ie, 1/3 of total calories was provided by each macronutrient. Two other diets (II,III) derived the majority of calories from sucrose with less calories from proteins or fats respectively. The last two diets (IV,V) were relatively low in sucrose with a higher percentage of the total calories from proteins or fats respectively. The rats were assigned to the special diets at 3 months of age. They have now been ingesting these diets a total of 12 months. In SHR, the diets highest in sucrose calories (II,III), in contrast to diets I,IV and V, were associated with a markedly increased blood pressure (BP) at 3 months. The difference of approximately 20 to 30 mm Hg has held over 12 months. In contrast, the normotensive Wistar rats consuming diets II and III showed significant differences in BP (approximately 10 mm Hg) only after 12 months. The response of WKY was intermediate. Some clearcut elevation of BP, although not statistically significant, in WKY consuming diets II and III was present by 3 months. This difference became greater with time (20 mm Hg at 12 months). Consistent changes in body weights between the rats on the different diets were lacking. We conclude that excess ingestion of sucrose can cause chronic elevations in BP, the pattern of which varies among rat strains.
我们将自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）组、Wistar-Kyoto大鼠（WKY）组以及当地品系的正常血压Wistar大鼠分为5组，给予不同饮食。我们的基础饮食（I）中，蔗糖、蛋白质和脂肪提供的热量几乎相等，即每种宏量营养素提供总热量的1/3。另外两种饮食（II、III）中，大部分热量来自蔗糖，蛋白质或脂肪提供的热量较少。最后两种饮食（IV、V）中，蔗糖含量相对较低，蛋白质或脂肪提供的总热量百分比分别较高。大鼠在3月龄时开始食用这些特殊饮食。它们现已摄入这些饮食共12个月。在SHR中，与饮食I、IV和V相比，蔗糖热量最高的饮食（II、III）在3个月时与血压（BP）显著升高有关。约20至30 mmHg的差异持续了12个月。相比之下，食用饮食II和III的正常血压Wistar大鼠仅在12个月后血压出现显著差异（约10 mmHg）。WKY的反应介于两者之间。食用饮食II和III的WKY在3个月时血压有一些明显升高，尽管无统计学意义。随着时间推移，这种差异变得更大（12个月时为20 mmHg）。不同饮食组大鼠之间体重没有一致变化。我们得出结论，过量摄入蔗糖可导致血压慢性升高，其模式在不同大鼠品系中有所不同。
