Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Nicotine Addiction, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Suite 4100, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Neuropharmacology. 2014 Jan;76 Pt B(0 0):581-91. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.04.034. Epub 2013 Apr 29.
Nicotine withdrawal is associated with deficits in neurocognitive function including sustained attention, working memory, and response inhibition. Several convergent lines of evidence suggest that these deficits may represent a core dependence phenotype and a target for treatment development efforts. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying withdrawal-related cognitive deficits may lead to improve nicotine dependence treatment. We begin with an overview of the neurocognitive effects of withdrawal in rodent and human models, followed by discussion of the neurobehavioral mechanisms that are thought to underlie these effects. We then review individual differences in withdrawal-related neurocognitive effects including genetics, gender, and psychiatric comorbidity. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of this research for developing improved therapies, both pharmacotherapy and behavioral treatments, that target cognitive symptoms of nicotine withdrawal. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'NIDA 40th Anniversary Issue'.
尼古丁戒断与神经认知功能缺陷有关，包括持续注意力、工作记忆和反应抑制。有几条相互一致的证据表明，这些缺陷可能代表核心依赖表型和治疗开发努力的目标。更好地了解戒断相关认知缺陷的机制可能会导致改善尼古丁依赖的治疗。我们首先概述了啮齿动物和人类模型中戒断的神经认知影响，然后讨论了被认为是这些影响基础的神经行为机制。然后，我们回顾了与戒断相关的神经认知影响的个体差异，包括遗传、性别和精神共病。最后，我们讨论了这一研究对开发改善的治疗方法的意义，包括药物治疗和行为治疗，以针对尼古丁戒断的认知症状。本文是一个特刊的一部分，题为“NIDA 40 周年特刊”。
