HIV infection in children.

Perinatally transmitted HIV infection is an emerging public health problem, particularly in communities impacted by substance abuse. This article presents an overview of clinical presentation and management throughout the various stages of infection. Recent advances in antiretroviral therapy have the potential to improve quality of life and increase survival for infected children. Nursing intervention is required for all children and families regardless of the severity of disease. Family education and support can be integrated within existing health care systems to assure delivery of competent and comprehensive care.