Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2013 Oct;20(10):7167-74. doi: 10.1007/s11356-013-1572-6. Epub 2013 May 3.
HCHs and DDTs were banned in 1983 in China; however, they are still remaining in various environmental media. Since endosulfan was introduced in China in 1994, it is widely used in agriculture. In this study, temporal and spatial uses of endosulfan, HCHs, and DDTs in Gansu province of China have been presented. It is estimated that the total usage is 701 tons for endosulfan between 1994 and 2007, 1,712 tons for HCHs between 1952 and 1983, and 462 tons for DDTs between 1951 and 1983, respectively. Endosulfan usage increased dramatically in 1998 due to its application on other crops except on cotton. The HCH and DDT usage displayed a rapid increase after 1972, reaching the peak in 1976 and in 1975, respectively; since then, they declined until being banned in 1983. The gridded usage inventories of these three kinds of organochlorine pesticides in Gansu province, with a 1/4° longitude by 1/6° latitude resolution, have been created by using different crops for endosulfan and the area of dry farmland for HCHs and DDTs as surrogate data. The most intensive use was in northwestern regions for endosulfan and southeastern regions for HCHs and DDTs in Gansu province.
HCHs 和 DDTs 于 1983 年在中国被禁用；然而，它们仍然存在于各种环境介质中。自从 1994 年硫丹在中国引入以来，它被广泛应用于农业。在本研究中，展示了甘肃省硫丹、HCHs 和 DDTs 的时间和空间使用情况。据估计，1994 年至 2007 年期间，硫丹的总用量为 701 吨，1952 年至 1983 年期间 HCHs 的用量为 1712 吨，1951 年至 1983 年期间 DDTs 的用量为 462 吨。1998 年，由于其在棉花以外的其他作物上的应用，硫丹的用量急剧增加。HCH 和 DDT 的用量在 1972 年后迅速增加，分别在 1976 年和 1975 年达到峰值；此后，它们的用量开始下降，直到 1983 年被禁用。通过使用不同作物作为硫丹的替代数据，以及旱地面积作为 HCHs 和 DDTs 的替代数据，本研究在 1/4°经度×1/6°纬度的分辨率下，创建了甘肃省这三种有机氯农药的网格化使用清单。在甘肃省，硫丹的使用最为集中的是西北部地区，HCHs 和 DDTs 的使用最为集中的是东南部地区。
