College of Food Science & Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, ShaanXi 712100, PR China.
J Food Prot. 2013 May;76(5):849-53. doi: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-12-419.
This study was conducted to investigate the occurrence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk products in China using the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method and to estimate the dietary exposure to this toxin through a probabilistic approach. Based on the exposure assessment results, a quantitative cancer potency formula developed by the Joint Food and Agriculture Organization and World Health Organization Expert Committee on Food Additives was applied to assess the cancer risk. AFM1 was detected in 48.07% of the milk samples and 4.49% of the yoghurt samples. No samples contained AFM1 above the current regulatory limit in China. The simulated AFM1 intake (90% confidence interval) in various sex-age groups ranged from 0.023 (0.021 to 0.023) ng/kg of body weight per day for 30- to 45-year-old men to 0.382 (0.354 to 0.386) ng/kg of body weight per day for 2- to 4-year-old girls at the 99th percentile. The cancer risk of AFM1 to the general population of China was assessed to be 0.129 cancer cases per year per 10(8) persons at the 99th percentile. These results indicate that the health risk associated with AFM1 in milk in China is relatively low.
本研究采用竞争酶联免疫吸附法检测中国乳制品中黄曲霉毒素 M1（AFM1）的发生情况，并采用概率方法评估通过饮食摄入这种毒素的情况。基于暴露评估结果，应用了由联合国粮食及农业组织和世界卫生组织食品添加剂联合专家委员会制定的定量癌症效力公式来评估癌症风险。在牛奶样品中，有 48.07%的样品和酸奶样品中 4.49%的样品检测到 AFM1。没有样品中 AFM1 的含量超过中国现行法规的限量。在各个性别年龄组中，模拟的 AFM1 摄入量（90%置信区间）范围为 30-45 岁男性为 0.023（0.021-0.023）ng/kg 体重/天，2-4 岁女孩为 0.382（0.354-0.386）ng/kg 体重/天，均为第 99 百分位数。评估中国普通人群中 AFM1 的癌症风险为每年每 108 人中有 0.129 例癌症病例，位于第 99 百分位数。这些结果表明，中国牛奶中与 AFM1 相关的健康风险相对较低。
