Bone Diseases Unit, Department of Rheumatology, Gaetano Pini Institute, Milan, Italy.
Calcif Tissue Int. 2013 Jul;93(1):86-92. doi: 10.1007/s00223-013-9731-9. Epub 2013 May 8.
Hypertension and related cardiovascular diseases are reported to be associated with osteoporosis. A nutritional pathway related to dairy intake has been postulated for both diseases. The aim of this study was to assess calcium intake from dairy sources as a possible pathogenic link between osteoporosis and hypertension. This was a cross-sectional observational study performed on 3,301 postmenopausal women referred for a densitometry screening. Osteoporosis was diagnosed by lumbar dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and hypertension was defined by blood pressure data and/or the use of antihypertensive medication. Dairy food consumption was evaluated using a weekly food-frequency questionnaire. The odds of being affected by osteoporosis, hypertension, or both diseases were calculated for quartiles of dairy intake by logistic regression analyses. Women with hypertension were affected more frequently by osteoporosis (33.2 vs. 23.3 %; p = 0.000), and there was a higher prevalence of hypertension among women with osteoporosis (32.2 vs. 22.5 %; p = 0.000). The proportion of women with hypertension, osteoporosis, and both diseases significantly increased across decreasing quartiles of dairy intake. A dairy intake in the lowest quartile was a significant predictor of osteoporosis [OR (95 % CI): 1.43 (1.12, 1.82)] and hypertension [OR (95 % CI): 1.46 (1.15, 1.85)] when compared to the highest quartile. Similarly, a low dairy intake was associated with increased odds to have both the diseases [OR (95 % CI): 1.60 (1.10, 2.34)]. From these results we conclude that osteoporosis and hypertension are associated in postmenopausal women, and a low dairy intake may increase the risk of both diseases, acting as a possible pathogenic link.
高血压和相关心血管疾病据报道与骨质疏松症有关。人们推测，这两种疾病都与乳制品摄入有关的营养途径有关。本研究旨在评估源自乳制品的钙摄入量是否可能成为骨质疏松症和高血压之间的致病联系。这是一项横断面观察性研究，共纳入 3301 名绝经后妇女，她们因骨密度筛查而就诊。骨质疏松症通过腰椎双能 X 射线吸收法诊断，高血压通过血压数据和/或使用抗高血压药物来定义。乳制品的食物摄入量通过每周食物频率问卷进行评估。通过逻辑回归分析，计算了乳制品摄入量四分位数与骨质疏松症、高血压或两种疾病的患病几率之间的比值比。患有高血压的女性更容易患骨质疏松症（33.2%对 23.3%；p=0.000），而患有骨质疏松症的女性中高血压的患病率更高（32.2%对 22.5%；p=0.000）。随着乳制品摄入量的降低，患有高血压、骨质疏松症和两种疾病的女性比例显著增加。与最高四分位数相比，乳制品摄入量最低的四分位数是骨质疏松症的显著预测因素[比值比（95%可信区间）：1.43（1.12，1.82）]和高血压[比值比（95%可信区间）：1.46（1.15，1.85）]。同样，低乳制品摄入量与同时患有两种疾病的几率增加相关[比值比（95%可信区间）：1.60（1.10，2.34）]。从这些结果可以得出结论，绝经后妇女中骨质疏松症和高血压相关，低乳制品摄入可能会增加两种疾病的风险，成为可能的致病联系。
