Kung Yan, Runguphan Weerawat, Keasling Jay D
Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA.
ACS Synth Biol. 2012 Nov 16;1(11):498-513. doi: 10.1021/sb300074k. Epub 2012 Nov 5.
Amid grave concerns over global climate change and with increasingly strained access to fossil fuels, the synthetic biology community has stepped up to the challenge of developing microbial platforms for the production of advanced biofuels. The adoption of gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel alternatives derived from microbial sources has the potential to significantly limit net greenhouse gas emissions. In this effort, great strides have been made in recent years toward the engineering of microorganisms to produce transportation fuels derived from alcohol, fatty acid, and isoprenoid biosynthesis. We provide an overview of the biosynthetic pathways devised in the strain development of biofuel-producing microorganisms. We also highlight many of the commonly used and newly devised engineering strategies that have been employed to identify and overcome pathway bottlenecks and problems of toxicity to maximize production titers.
在对全球气候变化的严重担忧以及获取化石燃料的难度日益增大的背景下，合成生物学界已挺身而出，应对开发用于生产先进生物燃料的微生物平台这一挑战。采用源自微生物的汽油、柴油和喷气燃料替代品，有可能显著限制温室气体净排放量。在这一努力过程中，近年来在对微生物进行工程改造以生产源自酒精、脂肪酸和类异戊二烯生物合成的运输燃料方面取得了巨大进展。我们概述了在生产生物燃料的微生物菌株开发中设计的生物合成途径。我们还重点介绍了许多常用的和新设计的工程策略，这些策略已被用于识别和克服途径瓶颈以及毒性问题，以最大限度地提高生产滴度。
