饮食中支链氨基酸的摄入与新发高血压：中国一项全国前瞻性队列研究。

Dietary branched-chain amino acids intake and new-onset hypertension: a nationwide prospective cohort study in China.

机构信息

Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China.

National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.

出版信息

Amino Acids. 2024 Mar 9;56(1):19. doi: 10.1007/s00726-023-03376-0.

DOI:10.1007/s00726-023-03376-0

PMID:38460031

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10924742/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and the risk of developing hypertension.

METHODS

A cohort study of 14,883 Chinese adults without hypertension at baseline with were followed for an average of 8.9 years. Dietary intakes of BCAAs, including Ile, Leu, and Val, were collected using 3-day 24-h meal recall and household condiment weighing. Cox proportional hazards regression, restricted cubic splines, interaction analysis, and sensitivity analysis were used to assess the relationship between dietary BCAAs and risk of developing self-reported hypertension, adjusting for age, gender, region, body mass index (BMI), smoking and drinking status, physical activity, energy intake, salt intake.

RESULTS

Among 14,883 study subjects, 6386(42.9%) subjects aged ≥ 45 years at baseline, 2692 (18.1%) had new-onset hypertension during the study period, with a median age of 56 years. High levels of dietary BCAAs were associated with an increased risk of new-onset hypertension. Compared with the 41st-60th percentile, multivariable adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for new-onset hypertension was 1.16 (95% CI 1.01-1.32) for dietary BCAAs 61st-80th percentiles, 1.30 (1.13-1.50) for 81st-95th, 1.60 (1.32-1.95) for 96th-100th. The cut-off value of new-onset hypertension risk, total BCAAs, Ile, Leu, and Val were 15.7 g/day, 4.1 g/day, 6.9 g/day, 4.6 g/day, respectively, and the proportion of the population above these intake values were 13.9%, 13.1%, 15.4%, and 14.4%, respectively. Age, BMI, and salt intake had an interactive effect on this relationship (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

There was a significant positive association between total dietary BCAAs, Ile, Leu, Val intake and the risk of developing hypertension, after adjustment for confounders. This relationship was influenced by age, BMI, and salt intake. Further research is needed to clarify the mechanism and potential role of BCAAs in the pathogenesis of hypertension.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在探讨膳食支链氨基酸（BCAAs）与高血压发病风险之间的关系。

方法

本研究采用前瞻性队列研究，纳入了 14883 名基线时无高血压的中国成年人，平均随访 8.9 年。通过 3 天 24 小时膳食回忆和家庭调味品称重收集 BCAAs（包括异亮氨酸、亮氨酸和缬氨酸）的饮食摄入量。采用 Cox 比例风险回归、限制性三次样条、交互作用分析和敏感性分析来评估膳食 BCAAs 与自我报告的高血压发病风险之间的关系，调整因素包括年龄、性别、地区、体重指数（BMI）、吸烟和饮酒状况、身体活动、能量摄入和盐摄入量。

结果

在 14883 名研究对象中，6386 名（42.9%）受试者在基线时年龄≥45 岁，2692 名（18.1%）在研究期间发生了新发高血压，中位年龄为 56 岁。高膳食 BCAAs 水平与新发高血压风险增加相关。与第 41-60 百分位相比，第 61-80 百分位、第 81-95 百分位、第 96-100 百分位的多变量校正后的新发高血压风险的 HR 分别为 1.16（95%CI 1.01-1.32）、1.30（1.13-1.50）和 1.60（1.32-1.95）。新发高血压风险的截断值、总 BCAAs、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸和缬氨酸分别为 15.7 g/d、4.1 g/d、6.9 g/d、4.6 g/d，相应的人群中摄入量超过这些值的比例分别为 13.9%、13.1%、15.4%和 14.4%。年龄、BMI 和盐摄入量对这种关系具有交互作用（P<0.001）。